Material Selection Wear Types

Adhesion

Wear type - surfaces stick together and tear material off (needs adhesion of one surface to the other)

Abrasion

Wear type - hard sharp surfaces cut into softer surfaces

Surface fatigue

Wear type - repeated compressive stresses cause cracks and material loss

Adhesive wear

Adhesion - material transfers between sliding surfaces that stick

Galling/seizure

Adhesion - severe sticking that tears surfaces or locks them together

Scuffing/scoring

Adhesion - scratches and roughening from localized sticking

Oxidative (mild)

Adhesion - mild wear where oxide layers form and wear away

Fretting

Adhesion - tiny repeated back-and-forth motion between contacting surfaces

Low-stress abrasion

Abrasion - light scratching by hard particles

High-stress abrasion

Abrasion - hard particles crushed into the surface causing heavy material loss

Gouging

Abrasion - large hard particles cut deep grooves

Polishing

Abrasion - very fine abrasion that smooths the surface

Spalling

Surface fatigue - flakes or chunks break off after cracks form

Brinelling

Surface fatigue - permanent dents from high point loads

Impact wear

Surface fatigue - damage from repeated impacts

Pitting

Surface fatigue - small craters from repeated contact stress