Sailing midterm

Bow

the front of the boat

stern

the back of the boat

port

the left side of the boat when facing towards the bow

starboard

the right side of the boat when facing forward toward the bow

hull

the main body of the boat

deck

the horizontal surface covering the top of the hull

mast

the tall vertical pole that supports the sails

boom

the horizontal spar attached to the mast that supports the bottom of the mainsail

keel

the structure under the hull that helps prevent sideways movements and provides stability

rudder

the underwater blade used to steer the boat

tiller

the handle used to control the rudder on many small sailboats

helm

the position or system used to steer and control the boat

cockpit

the area where the crew sits or operates the boat

transom

the relatively flat or vertical surface at the stern of a boat

centerboard

a retractable underwater board the helps resist sideways movement

daggerboard

a board that slides vertically into and out of the hull to resist sideways movement

rigging

the ropes, wires, and associates equiptment used to support and control the mast and sails

foot

the bottom edge of the sail

jib

a triangular headsail positioned forward of the mast

luffing

when a sail flaps or loses its smooth shape because it is not trimmed properly for the wind

tell-tails

small peices of yarn or fabric that show airflow over a sail

leeward

the side away from the wind

windward

the side facing the wind

POS: In iron

directly in the wind

POS: close hauled

wind coming from ahead and slightly to one side

POS: close reach

wind coming from forward of the beam

POS: beam reach

wind coming from directly across the side of the boat approximately 90 degrees

POS: broad reach

wind coming from behind the beam

starboard tack

the wind is coming over the boats starboard side (right) - the mainsail will generally be carried on the port (left) side of the boat

port tack

the wind is coming on the boats port (left) side - the mainsail will generally be carried on the starboard (right) side of the boat

tacking

turning the bow through the wind to change direction

jibing

turning the stern through the wind to change directions

beating

sailing upwind by alternating between two tacts

heading up

turning the bow closer toward the wind

bearing away

turning the bow farther away from the wind

stand-on vessel

to avoid collision they do nothing

giveaway vessel

to avoid collision they have to actively do something

What vessel category is a NUC vessel?

"not under command" 1 on list to be a stand-on vessel

what vessel category is a RAM vessel?

2nd on list, vessel restricted by draft or maneuver

What vessel category is a Fishing vessel?

3rd on list, hard to maneuver while fishing (only a fishing vessel while fishing)

What category of vessel is a sailing vessel?

4th on list, harder to maneuver than a motorboat (only sailing while motor is up)

What category of vessel is a motor vessel?

5th on list, usually is the giveaway vessel

what is the purpose and color of the port sidelight?

indicates the port side (can also be seen from front) and is red

what is the purpose and color of the starboard sidelight?

indicates the starboard side (can also be seen from front) and is green

what is the purpose and color of the stern light?

indicates the rear of the vessel and is white

lights for motor boats:

all of the same lights with one added white light that covers the radius of green and red light

lights for vessels longer than 150 ft:

basic set of navigation lights with two added engine lights, can be seen from both sides of the boat and the front

lights for a vessel less than 150 ft anchored during night:

anchor lights on, visible 360 degrees. no navigation lights - boat is not moving

lights for a vessel longer than 150 ft anchored during night:

two anchor lights, visible 360 degrees

winch

a rotating metal drum that multiplies mechanical force to haul and trim lines or sails

windlass

a mechanical winch mounted on the foredeck used primarily for raising and lowering the anchor and managing its rode (chain or rope)