anthro1

What are qualities of cultural anthropologists?

Curious, observant, open-minded, empathetic, and communicative.

What do anthropologists study?

Human behavior, beliefs, and social systems.

What are the branches of anthropology?

Cultural, Archaeological, Biological, Linguistic, Applied.

What are the major subfields of anthropology?

Cultural, Archaeological, Biological, Linguistic.

What are qualities of participant observation?

Long-term immersion, observation, and trust-building.

What are ethnographic interviews?

Open-ended conversations for cultural data.

What is Sociology’s focus?

Social behavior and institutions.

What is Cultural Relativism?

Understanding cultures in their context without judgment.

How does it relate to Moral Relativism?

Both view norms as culture-specific.

What is xenophobia?

Fear or hatred of outsiders.

What is tacit ethnocentrism?

Assuming one’s culture is universal.

How was culture defined?

Learned, shared, symbolic, integrated, dynamic, adaptive.

What is the emic vs etic perspective?

Emic = insider

Can Christians live without culture?

No, all people are culturally influenced.

Who is Kenneth Pike?

Coined “emic” and “etic.”

What is descriptive linguistics?

Study of language structure.

What are kinesics?

Study of body language (e.g., gestures).

What is the Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis?

Language influences thought.

What is sociolinguistics?

Study of language in social context.

What is historical linguistics?

Study of language change over time.

Examples of power in daily life?

Teachers, parents, media, laws.

What are Weber’s three stratification areas?

Wealth, Power, Prestige.

Define status.

Social position in society.

Difference between status and role?

Status = position

What is an institution?

Organized system meeting social needs.

Define ethnicity.

Shared ancestry, culture, and identity.

AAA stance on race?

Race is social, not biological.

What is a caste system?

Fixed hierarchy

Define sex and gender.

Sex = biological

What is gender socialization?

Learning gender norms.

What are gender roles?

Expected behaviors by gender.

Have gender roles changed?

Yes, due to social and cultural shifts.

Christian views on 1 Corinthians gender roles?

Interpretations differ by context.

What is a quinceañera?

Rite marking girl’s transition to womanhood.

Difference between purdah and burqa?

Purdah = seclusion

What is economics in anthropology?

Study of cultural production and exchange.

What are subsistence systems?

Foraging, Pastoralism, Horticulture, Agriculture, Industrialism.

What is a Market Exchange?

Trade via money and prices.

What is nomadic pastoralism?

Moving herders seeking pasture.

What are the three types of exchange?

Reciprocity, Redistribution, Market.

System of exchange in capitalism?

Market-based profit system.

Theories of globalization?

Modernization, Dependency, World Systems.

Major categories of power?

Coercive, Persuasive, Hegemonic.

Can coercive power be legitimate?

Yes, if used for order or justice.

Gramsci’s view on hegemony?

Power via cultural consent.

Main political systems?

Bands, Tribes, Chiefdoms, States.

Formal vs informal sanctions?

Formal = laws