Articulations and Body Movements

Synarthrosis

no movement

ex: skull sutures, articulations of bony sockets and teeth in facial skeleton

Amphiarthrosis

little movement

ex: distal joints between the tibia and the fibula and the pubic symphysis

diarthrosis

full movement

ex: elbow, shoulder, ankle

fibrous joint

between the articulations is thick connective tissue, which makes most(but not all) immovable joints

sutures

fibrous joint that connects bones of the skull with little to no movement

gomphoses

fibrous articulations between the teeth and the mandible or maxilla; no movement

syndesmosis

fibrous joint in which a ligament connects two bones; little movement

ex: distal joint between the tibia and fibula

cartilaginous joints

joints that unite bones with cartilage

synchrondosis

cartiliginous joint where two bones are entirely joined by hyaline cartilage; no movement

ex: joint between the first pair of ribs and the sternum

joint between the first pair of ribs and the sternum

synchrondosis

symphysis

consists of a compress able fibrocartilaginous pad that connects two bones; some movement

ex: hip bones, connected by the pubic symphysis; vertebrae, connected by intervertebral discs

hip bones, connected by the pubic symphysis; vertebrae, connected by intervertebral discs

symphysis

synovial joints

characterized by the presence of an articular capsule between the two joined bones

often supported and reinforced by surrounding ligaments; limits movement

gliding joint

move against each other on a single plane

ex: intervertebral joints and the bones of the wrists and ankles

What types of joints are the intervertebral joints and the bones of the wrists and ankles?

gliding joints

hinge joints

move just one axis and allow for flexion and extension

ex: elbow and finger joints

What type of joints are the elbow and finger joints?

hinge joints

pivot joint

provides rotation

ex: atlas and axis

• create pivot joint and allows rotation of the head

What type of joint is created by the atlas and axis

pivot joint

condyloid joint

allows for circular motion, flexion, and extension

ex: wrist joint between the radius and the carpal bones

What type of joint is the wrist joint between the radius and the carpal bones?

condyloid joint

saddle joint

allows for flexion, extension, and other movements, but no rotation

ex: thumb’s saddle joint(between first metacarpal and trapezium) lets the thumb cross over the palm

What type of joint is the thumb’s joint?

saddle joint

ball and socket joints

freely moving joint that can rotate on any axis

ex: hip and shoulder joints

What type of joints are the hip and shoulder joints?

ball and socket joints

How many types of fibrous joints are there?

3

How many types of cartilaginous joints are there?

2

How many types of synovial joints are there?

6

What are the two categorizes of joints?

1. joint function; range of motion

2. joint by structure

what are the three types of fibrous joints?

sutures, gomphosis, syndesmosis

what are the two types of cartilaginous joints?

symphisis, synchrondosis

What are the six types of synovial joints?

gliding, hinge, pivot, condyloid, saddle, and ball and socket

What are the three types of ranges of motions?

synarthrosis, amphiarthrosis, diarthrosis