Handouts: Fluid Balance in the Body, Aplasias, basic anatomical terminology

compartments for body fluids

intracellular and extracellular

components of extracellular compartment

interstitial and plasma

total female body mass

45% solids and 55% fluids

total male body mass

40% solids and 60% fluids

2/3 of fluid in the body is ______

intracellular (ICF)

1/3 of fluid in the body is ______

extracellular (ECF)

80% of ECF is

interstitial fluid

interstitial fluid

fluid in the spaces between cells

20% of extraceullar fluid is

plasma

plasma

Liquid part of blood

hypoplasia

fewer cells than what is deemed a normal amount (usually benign)

micromastia

postpubertal female breast underdevelopment

hyperplasia

increased cell number under control of normal proliferation: a result of external stimuli

example of hyperplasia

callus formation due to exposure to trauma/pressure

neoplasia

abnormal multiplication of cells due to loss of normal proliferation regulation and absence of stimuli

neoplasia is also known as _____

cells manifesting hyperplasia with atypia

atypia

Structural abnormality in a cell

dysplasia

change in the normal shape, size, or organization of cells: changes are reversible if stimulus is removed, otherwise cells become metaplastic

causes of dysplasia

response to chronic irritation such as cigarette smoke or inflammation

metaplasia

a change in cell type (eg: ciliated columnar epithelium to stratified squamous epithelium cells)

can metaplasia be reversed?

changes can be reversed if stimulus is removed; otherwise, cells will become anapestic

anaplasia

a reversal of differentiation (dedifferentiation) OR loss of structure and functional differentiation of normal cells

characteristics of anaplasia

not reversible in nature, characteristic of cancerous tumors

head

cephalic

skull

cranial

face

facial

neck

cervical

forehead

frontal

eye

orbital

ear

otic

cheek

buccal

nose

nasal

mouth

oral

chin

mental

armpit

axillary

chest

thoracic

breastbone

sternal

arm

brachial

front of elbow

antecubital

forearm

antebrachial

wrist

carpal

navel

umbilical

hip

coxal

groin

inguinal (in pelvic region)

hand

manual

palm

palmar

fingers

digital or phalangeal

thigh

femoral

pubis

pubic

anterior surface of knee

patellar

leg

crural

foot

pedal

ankle

tarsal

toes

digital or phalangeal

top of foot

dorsum

anterior view of body diagram

saurish add pic!!!!!!!!!

base of skull

occipital

shoulder

acromial

shoulder blade

scapular

spinal column

vertebral

back of elbow

olecranal

between hips

sacral

back

dorsal

loin

lumbar

buttock

gluteal

back of hand

dorsum

hollow behind knee

popliteal

calf

sural

sole

plantar

heel

calcanea

posterior view of body diagram

saurish add the pic!!!!!!