Islam/New Religions

What does Islam mean in arabic?

submission to god

Muhammad

Gods final prophet who the Qur’an was revealed to by the Angel Gabriel

5 pillars of Islam

Shahada - Decleration of faith

Salat - Pray 5 times daily

Zakat - Give to the poor

Sawm - Fast during Ramadan

Hajj - Pilgrimage to Mecca

Sunna

Muhammads traditions, words, and actions

Hadith

Writings recording Muhammads sayings and actions

Shari’a

Islamic guidelines for how to live

Jihad

Struggle to live according to Gods expectations - not automatically violence

Sufism

Islamic mystical tradition focused on developing a close connection with God

Sunni Muslim

Supported Abu Bakr as Muhammads Successor

Shi’a Muslim

Supported Ali as Muhammads successor

Islamic Golden Age

800-1100 AD where major advances in science, medicine, mathematics, and philosophy occurred in the Islamic empire.

Syncretism

Combining different religious beliefs and practices

Sect

An innovative subgroup within an established religion

Cult

A radically innovative religious group outside established religious structures

Seekers

People looking for new religous beliefs because mainstream religion doesn’t satisfy them

3 types of religious movement typecasts

1. World-Affirming - World and humans are basically good

2. World-Renouncing - World is bad and humanity needs to escape

3. World-Accommodating - In the middle

Mormonism

Founded by joseph smith and on the book of mormon

Christian Science

Founded by Mary Baker Eddy and emphasizes the power of the mind and understanding God

Millerites

William Miller predicted Jesus would return in 1843-44. the failed prediction became the Great Disappointment

Jehovah’s Witnesses

Founded in Pittsburgh in 1881 and believe that Christ will return soon

Rastafarianism

Began in Jamaica; combines Christianity, African religions, and Black nationalism

Scientology

Founded by L Ron Hubbard; teaches that the Thetan is the true self

Hare Krishna

Hindu movement; followers believe Krishna is the supreme God

Transcendental Meditation

Uses a mantra to achieve peace of mind

What is the main message of the Thunder Sura?

God controls nature, thunder praises God, and remember that God brings peace