JMC 1013: Intro to Media- Midterm Review, OU

Narrowcasting

Any specialized electronic programming or media channel aimed at a target audience. Occurred in TV during the post-network era.

Web 1.0 and Web 2.0

Web 1.0: world wide web, web browsers, growth of internet service providers and search engines (read-only)

Web 2.0: Internet becomes interactive (read-write)

Media Literacy

An understanding of mass communications developed through the critical process that enables a person to become more engaged as a citizen and more discerning as a consumer.

Digital Literacy

Knowing and understanding the cultural impact of the technologies delivering information.

Mass Media

The industries that produce and distribute songs, video games, movies, novels, news, Internet services, and other cultural products to a large number of people.

Media Fragmentation

More access to media products that suit narrow tastes and interests. Reinforces differences and polarization.

Gatekeeping

The process by which a small number of people/corporations control what info is presented to the media

Media Convergence

The technological merging of once-distinct and incompatible formats into a single format that can then be accessed through one device. OR the trend of media companies merging together in order to better position themselves for a digital world.

Digital vs. Analog Recording

Digital: a type of recording that translates sound waves into binary on-off pulses and stores that information as numerical codes.

Analog: made by capturing the fluctuations of sound waves and storing those signals in a record's grooves or tape's continuous stream of magnetized particles.

Syndication

the process by which producers lease the right to air a program to local TV stations, cable channels, and streaming services.

MP3

an advanced type of audio compression that reduces file size, enabling audio to be easily distributed over the internet and to be digitally transmitted in real time

First, second, third and fourth screens

1.Movie

2.TV

3.Computer

4.Smartphone/devices

culture

The forms and systems of expression that individuals, groups, and societies use to make sense of daily life, communicate with other people, and articulate their values.

FRC and FCC

The FRC was the Federal Radio Commission created with The Radio Act of 1927 to oversee radio licenses and negotiate channel problems.

The

FRC became the FCC (Federal Communications Commission) under the Communications Act of 1934, which regulates interstate and international communications by radio, telephone, TV, wire, satellite, cable, and the internet.

Narratives (in film)

movies that tell a story, with dramatic action and conflict emerging mainly from individual characters

nickelodeons

the first small makeshift movie theaters, which were often converted cigar stores, pawnshops, or restaurants redecorated to mimic vaudeville theaters

Oligopoly

a business situation in which a few firms control most of an industry's production and distribution resources

Independent films (indies)

Film production houses that work outside industry oligopolies produce less mainstream films.

documentary

non-fiction films based on actual people, settings, and events

vertical integration

in media economics, the phenomenon of controlling a mass media industry at its three essential levels: production, distribution, and exhibition; the term is most frequently used in reference to the film industry

marketplace of ideas

the public forum in which beliefs and ideas are exchanged and compete

muckraking

A style of American magazine journalism that pressed for social reforms in long-form investigative reports and exposes of corruption in business and government.

watchdog journalism

Journalism that attempts to hold government officials and institutions accountable for their actions.

yellow journalism

a newspaper style or era that peaked in the 1890s, it emphasized high-interest stories, sensational crime news, large headlines, and serious reports that exposed corruption, particularly in business and government

civic journalism

activist amateurs and concerned citizens, not professional journalists, who use the internet and social media to disseminate news and info.

backpack journalism

typically an individual journalist capable of covering a story for print, audio, and video outlets

partisan press

early dominant style of American journalism distinguished by opinion newspapers, which generally argued one political point of view or pushed the plan of the particular party that subsidized the paper

wire services

commercial organizations, such as the Associated Press, that share news stories and information by relaying them around the country and the world, originally via telegraph and now via satellite transmission

objective journalism

a modern style of journalism that distinguishes factual reports from opinion columns; reporters strive to remain neutral toward the issue or event they cover, searching out competing points of view among the sources for a story

inverted pyramid

News story structure that puts the most important points first and concludes with the least important

literary journalism

news reports that adapt fictional storytelling techniques to nonfictional material; sometimes called new journalism

Media Literacy