Flashcards SPED 4000 midterm usu

What is person first language?

puts the person before the disability, and describes what a person has, not who a person is

What is the purpose of IDEA?

To ensure that all children with disabilities have available to them a free and appropriate public education that emphasizes special education and related services designed to meet their unique needs and prepare them for further education, employment, and independent living

What is meant by free and appropriate public education (FAPE)? Who is eligible for a FAPE?

Free- without charge to parent or child 0-21

Appropriate- in keeping with an IEP

Public- at public expense, under public supervision and direction

Education- preschool elementary or secondary

Six Major Principles of IDEA

1. Free and Appropriate Public Education (FAPE)

2. Appropriate Evaluation (non bias testing)

3. Zero reject

4. Least restrictive environment

5. Parent student participation

6. Due process procedures (safeguards)

LRE (Least Restrictive Environment)

Assures that to the maximum extent appropriate children with disabilities including children in public or private institutions or other care facilities are educated with children who are not disabled and that special classes separate schooling or other removal of children with disabilities from the general education environment occurs only when the nature or severity of the disability is such the education in regular classes with the use of supplementary aids and services cannot be achieved satisfactory

13 Disability Categories

1. Autism

2. Intellectual Disability

3. Multiple Disabilities

4. Other health impairments

5. Emotional disturbance

6. Orthopedic Impairment

7. Deafness

8. Visual Impairment

9. Deaf-Blindness

10. Traumatic brain injury

11. Specific learning disability

12. Hearing Impairment

13. Speech or Language

Required Components of IEP

1. Present levels of Academic achievement and functional performance (PLAAFP)

2. Challenging ambitious and measurable annual goals

3. Description of sped and related services and supplementary aids

4. Method for measuring and reporting progress frequency location and duration

5. Explanation of the extent the student will not be educated with non-disabled students in the general education setting

6. Statement of students participation in state and district wide assessments

7. The date of service initiation frequency duration location

8. Program modifications and support required of school personnel

9. Childs progress

How often should the IEP be reviewed?

Annually

What age range is served by an IEP?

ages 3-21

Who would be appropriate members of the IEP team?

- At least 1 regular education teacher

- At least one special education teacher

- Person who can interpret the evaluation results

- Representative of the public agency

- Parents of the child

- The child

How does the Endrew F Case impact setting goals in a student's IEP?

Before the case it was believed that if the student made any progress in the IEP goals were appropriate. In the case the Supreme Court ruled that unanimously that to meet at substantive obligation under the IDE a school must offer an IEP reasonably calculated to enable a child to make progress appropriate in light of the child's circumstances. So goals now had to be based on the child's potential. Basically it eliminated the allowance that his students IEP allow him to make anything more than no progress.

Zero Reject

a basic principle of IDEA specifying that no student with a disability, no matter what kind or how severe, can be denied a free public education

Appropriate Evaluation

all children with disabilities must be appropriately assessed for purposes of eligibility determination, educational programming, and individual performance monitoring.

What are related services?

IDEA's regulations regarding transportation in such developmental corrective and other supportive services required to assist a child with a disability to benefit from special education

Pre-referral process

Stage one: initial concern regarding a students progress

Stage two: information gathering

Stage 3 : information sharing and team discussion

Stage four: discussion of possible strategies

Stage five: implementation and monitoring of strategies

Stage six: evaluation and decision making

SPED Process

1. Referral

2. Evaluation

3. Eligibility determination

4. IEP development (placement comes after IEP)

5. Implementation (services are provided)

6. Annual review

7. Reevaluation every three years

What is due process?

Due process are safeguards used to protect the rights of students with disabilities and their parents. It uses procedures and mechanisms to resolve a disagreement between both parties. It is used in mediation as a last resort.

What steps of the special education processor parents required to be involved in?

How are learning disabilities diagnosed?

Early screening

Severe discrepancy between intelligence and achievement

Gap between achievement and potential

Compare IQ score with a standardized test

RTI

How are intellectual disabilities diagnosed?

Intellectual functioning: IQ test. People who score less than a 75 are considered to have intellectual disabilities.

Adaptive behavior (whether a person has the skills he needs to live independently): observations are done in social environments to see how the person reacts compared to others his age.

What is universal design for learning?

The design of instructional materials & activities to make the content info accessible to all

What is universal screening?

Screening of an entire population regardless of the child's individual risk

What are the three tiers of RTI?

1. Learning for all students

2. Small-group instruction for students who are having difficulty

3. Individualized instruction for students who need a more intensive level of instruction

Adaptive Behavior Skills

Skills needed to adapt to one's living environment (e.g., communication, self-care, home living, social skills, community use, self-direction, health and safety, functional academics, leisure, and work); usually estimated by an adaptive behavior survey; one of two major components (the other is intellectual functioning) of the AAMR definition

What types of teaching methods work well for students with intellectual disabilities?

Teach one concept or activity component at a time

Teach one step at a time to help support memorization and sequencing

Teach students in small groups, or one-on-one, if possible

Always provide multiple opportunities to practice skills in a number of different settings

Use physical and verbal prompting to guide correct responses, and provide specific verbal praise to reinforce these responses

What are some accommodations and strategies to help students with learning disabilities?

1. Let the student with listening difficulties borrow notes from a classmate or use a tape recorder.

2. Give student more time to finish tasks.

3. Let the student with reading problems listen to books on tape.

4. Let the student with writing difficulties use a computer with specialized software to check spelling, grammar, or recognizes speech.

5. Provide a peer tutor/helper.

6. Adjust student seating.

7. Place assignments/directions on tape for the auditory learner.

8. Provide a checklist for student, parents, and/or teacher to record assignments or completed tasks.

9. Use a timer to assist student to focus on given task.

10. Provide school counseling.

What are some common characteristics and health related problems associated with children who have down syndrome?

Low resistance to infection = more respiratory problems, visual problems, hearing loss, speech difficulty, heart defects, misalignment of neck vertebrae, obesity.

What is the difference between social (bics) and academic (calp) English?

BICS - Basic Interpersonal Communicative Skills; refers to a student's ability to understand basic conversational English. Generally acquired in 2 years.

CALP - Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency; refers to a student's ability to effectively understand and use the more advanced and complex language necessary for success in academic endeavors. Generally acquired in 5-7 years.

What are some supports or strategies teachers can use for ELL students?

What is culturally responsive teaching?

An approach that uses students' culture, background, and experiences to facilitate learning

What should teachers understand in order to address student diversity in their classrooms?

Teachers must come to understand the real lived experience of the families and children they teach.

What are some of the potential challenges related to students with low SES?