Health Assessment vocab list

Afebrile

without fever

Apnea

absent breathing

bradycardia

slow heart beat

bradypnea

slow breathing

diastole

point that heart muscles relax → last sound of BP

dyspnea

difficulty breathing

hypothermia

less than normal body temp (<96) can cause death

korotkoff sounds

name of sounds heard through stethoscope when taking BP

orthopnea

difficulty breathing when lying flat

Orthostatic hypotension

drop in BP when rising to standing position

pyrexia

fever

systole

heart contracts → first number of BP

tachycardia

fast heart rate

tachypnea

fast breathing

Bruit

turbulent blood flow & could indicate stenosis, atherosclerosis or aneurysm

Nasolabial folds

commonly known as smile lines or laugh lines, are the natural creases that run from the sides of the nose to the corners of the mouth

Palpebral Fissures

open space between the upper and lower eyelids

Alopecia

loss of hair

Clubbing

tips of fingers and toes widen out and bulge and nails curve downward → lack of oxygen in blood or underlying internal disease

Cyanosis

blue skin → hypoxia

Ecchymosis

bruise

Edema

swelling from fluid that’s trapped in bodies tissues → usually in legs, score from 1 to 4

Erythema

redness → feel warm

Jaundice

yellow/orange → liver or pancreas problems

Petechiae

red purple nonblanchable discoloration les than .5 cm in diameter → caused by minor bleeding from broken capillaries

• cause from infection

Pruritus

itching

Turgor

skins elasticity → can be due to lack of hydration

cerumen

ear wax

dysphagia

difficulty or discomfort swallowing

epistaxis

nose bleed

presbycusis

gradual aging hear loss

vertigo

false sense of spinning/dizziness

febrile

having a fever

hyperpyrexia

exceedingly high body temp ( >104 F)

can cause death

Accommodation

eye changes lens shape to focus on an object at different distances

Amblyopia

lazy eye

Arcus Senilis

limbus turns gray/blue

Consensual reaction to light

both eyes constrict to light

Convergence

eyes move in together symmetrically

Diplopia

see double

Direct Reaction to light

eye constricts when light shine into

exophthalmos

bulging eye

Nystagmus

eye staggers

Presbyopia

can’t see near

Ptosis

eyelid droops

Strabismus

eye lags

Ascites

build up of fluid in abdomen

Borborygmus

sound in stomach caused by gas

Guarding

action of person when in pain related to abdomen

Peristalsis

movement of food and liquid through bowel

Apnea

no breathing

bradypnea

slow breathing

bronchial breath sounds

over the trachea → expiration longer

bronchovesicular breath sounds

around the sternum → equal

dyspnea

difficulty breathing

hyperventilation

breathing fast → letting out too much CO2

hypoventilation

breathing slow → CO2 build up

orthopnea

difficulty breathing laying down

tachypnea

fast breathing

vesicular breath sounds

peripheral, around rest of lungs → inspiration longer

bradycardia

slow heartbeat

diastole

resting phase of heart

murmur

abnormal sound during heart beat due to turbulent blood flow → whooshing sound

pulse deficit

difference between apical and peripheral pulse

S1

closure of atrioventricular valves

S2

closure of pulmonary and aortic valves

systole

contraction of heart

tachycardia

fast heartbeat

point of maximal impulse

where heartbeat is heard the loudest → in-between 5th intercostal rib

atrophy

disuse and wasting of muscle - thinning of muscle

contractures

muscle freezes

crepitus

cracking sound when moving

distal

away from the trunk

proximal

close to the trunk

flaccid

no muscle tone

hypertrophy

increase in volume of tissue or organ

kyphosis

hunch l

lordosis

sway back

scoliosis

curve in spine

pronation

face down

supination

face up