CIC Pharamacology

Drugs have how many names?

Drugs have three names: the chemical name, the generic name, and the brand name. The chemical name provides the precise description of the drug's molecular structure, the generic name is the common name used, and the brand name is the trademarked name given by the manufacturer.

The drug stem -tidine indicates the drug belongs to which class?

H2 antagonist (reduces the production of stomach acid

The drug stem -olol indicates the drug belongs to which class?

Beta Blocker (blocks the effects of stress hormones)

The drug stem -pril indicates the drug belongs to which class?

ACE Inhibitor (Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme) (helps relax blood vessels)

The drug stem -barb- indicates the drug belongs to which class?

Barbiturates (nervous system depressants that slow down brain activity)

The drug stem -oxacin indicates the drug belongs to which class?

Quinolone derived antibiotics (class of broad spectrum antibiotics)

The drug stem -sartan indicates the drug belongs to which class?

Angiotensin Receptor antagonist (prevents blood vessels from narrowing by blocking Angiotensin hormone)

The drug stem -oxetine indicates the drug belongs to which class?

Antidepressant related to fluoxetine

The drug stem -prazole indicates the drug belongs to which class?

Proton Pump inhibitor (blocks the enzyme for acid secretion

The drug stem -axine indicates the drug belongs to which class?

Dopamine and Serotonin-norepineprhine reuptake inhibitor (prevents them from being reabsorbed by the brain, therefore more are active)

The drug stem -tinib indicates the drug belongs to which class?

Tyronsine-kinase inhibitors (blocks enzymes which signal cancer cells to grow and divide)

The drug stem -zumab indicates the drug belongs to which class?

humanized monoclonal antibody (lab made, contains non-human species to target disease)

The drug stem -ximab indicates the drug belongs to which class?

Chimeric antibody that responds to more than one antigen

The drug stem -mab indicates the drug belongs to which class?

Monoclonal antibodies (lab made but acts like your body’s own natural immune system)

The drug stem -cillin indicates the drug belongs to which class?

Penicillin derived antibodies

The drug stem -vir indicates the drug belongs to which class?

antiviral drug

Anticholinergics have been associated with which of the following rare side effects:

Acute glaucoma

The drug trastuzumab belongs to which of the following drug classes?

Humanized monoclonal antibody

What class of drug is Infliximab?

Infliximab is a disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). These drugs modify the disease process itself by altering the activity of the body’s immune system. The alteration causes a reduction in symptoms such as pain and inflammation and can also limit further joint damage.

What drug class are the following: Infliximab, cicloporin, and methotrexate?

DMARDS (The main drugs used to treat rheumatoid arthritis are known as disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). These drugs modify the disease process itself by altering the activity of the body’s immune system. Commonly prescribed DMARDs include methotrexate, ciclosporin, infliximab, and Rituximab.)

Which of the following drugs is NOT a classified as disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs)?

A. Methotrexate
B. Ciclosporin
C. Infliximab
D. All of the above

D. All of the Above

Commonly prescribed DMARDs include methotrexate, ciclosporin, infliximab, and Rituximab.

Which of the following is NOT used as a lipid lowering drug?

A. Statins
B. Fibrates
C. Nicotonic Acid and derivatives

D. Biguanides

D. Biguanides

Which of the following drugs is used to slow the progression of uterine cancer?

Megestrol

Which of the following drugs is used primarily to treat hypertension and congestive heart failure?

ACE Inhibitors.

An ACE inhibitor is a pharmaceutical drug used primarily for the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure (CHF). This group of drugs causes dilatation of blood vessels, which results in lower blood pressure. ACE inhibitors are used in combination with other medications, in the treatment of heart disease.

Of the following drugs, which is commonly used to treat Addison’s disease: (Addison’s disease is a rare, chronic endocrine disorder in which the adrenal glands do not produce sufficient steroid hormones.)

Corticosteroids

Of the following drugs, which is used commonly used to treat angina:

Calcium channel blockers

Which of the following tests is required for patients prescribed a warfarin regimen?

INR – International Normalized Ratio

Of the following which in NOT classified as a xanthine:

Aminophylline

Theo-Dur

Theophylline

Atrovent

Atrovent

Commonly prescribed anticholinergics include: Atrovent and Spiriva.

Which of the following is the most commonly prescribed anticoagulant?

Warfarin

Dabigatran

Apixaban

Rivaroxaban

Warfarin

Action of the drug

The stem of the generic drug name generally identifies which of the following:

Pharmacology

defined as the study of how chemical agents affect living processes?

Term for adrenal insufficiency

Addisons disease.

Term for thrush fungal infection

Candidiasis

Lupus Erythematousus

A collection of autoimmune diseases in which the human immune system becomes hyperactive and attacks healthy tissue.

pharmacodynamics

What drugs do to the body

pharmacoepidemilogy

Study of the effect of drugs on populations

pharmaccognosy

natural drugs and their sources

pharmacokenetics

what the body does to drugs. Involves the process of uptake, distribution, and elimination of the drug.

pharmocotherapeutics

use of drugs to treat disorders; the emphasis is on clinical management

pseudomembranous Colitis

cause of antibiotic associated diarrhea (ADD), is an inflamation of the colon.

Septicemia

Systemic disease associated with microorganisms or toxins in the blood. These toxins are caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, or other organisms

Torticollis

known as wry neck or loxia, a dystonic condition defined by an abnormal, asymmertrical head or neck position

Which condition is treated with an antiviral medication?

Candidiasis

Asthma

Hepatitis B

Cancer

Hepititatis B

What hormone antagonist is used in the treatment of breast cancer?

Tamoxifen
Statin
Analgesic
Beta Blocker

Tamoxifen

Sympathomimetics, anticholinergics, and xanthines belong to what drug class?

Bronchodilator

Which of the following is NOT a topical route of administration?

Epicutaneous

Inhalational

Enema
Rectal

Rectal

the scientific name and is based on the molecular structure of the drug?

Chemical name

medication is used to alleviate pain?

Analgesic

The international nonproprietary name or INN of a drug is also known as?

Generic name

Which of the following medications is a beta blocker?

Metoprolol

Enalapril

Albuterol

Epinephrine

Metoprolol

The acronym DMARDs stands for what drug class?

Disease modifying antirhematic drugs

Stable Angina

Chest pain/discomfort that typically occurs with activity or stress

Unstable Angina / Acute Coronary Syndrome

unexpected chest pain often while reseting.

Common drugs to treat angina

nitrates, beta blockers, or calcium channel blockers.

Common _____ are metoprolol, oxprenolol, or sotalol

Beta Blockers

Used to treat stable angina

Calcium channel blockers

Nitroglycerin, isosorbide dinitrate, and isosorbide monoitrate are types of

nitrates

Hydralazine is what type of medication?

Arterial vasodilator

Nitroglycerine is what type of medication?

Venous vasodilator

Ace inhibitors are commonly used as a _______.

mixed vasodilator

Lasix, Esdrix, Zaroxolyn, and Aldactone are what kinds of medications?

Diuretic

Sympathomimetic and non-sympathomimetic are types of ?

Vasoconstrictiors

Difference between an embolism and thrombosis?

Embolism originates somewhere other than the site of the blockage

Coumadin, warafarin, and heparin are types of?

Anticogulants

Enalapril, Linsinopril, and ramipril are types of?

Ace inhibitors

Where are corticosteroid hormones produced?

Adrenal glands

Cortisone, prednisolone, methylprednisolone dexamethasone, and hydrocortisone are types of?

Corticosteroids

Biguanides are used to treat what disease?

Type 2 diabetes - lowers blood glucose and increases sensitivity of body to insulin

Sulphonylurea drugs do what?

Stimulate insulin producing cells in the pancrease

These belong to which drug class: Diabeta, Glucotrol, and Amaryl.

Sulphonylurea

Levothroxine and Liothronine are what kind of drugs?

Synthetic thyroid hormones to treat hypothyroidism

Carbimazole (brand name of Neo-Mercazole, Anti-thryox, and Vidalta) is used to treat?

Hyperthyroidism

Main types of Lipid lowering drugs are?

Statins, fibrates, nicotinic acid and its derivatives, and drugs that bind to bile salts

Statins do what?

Reduce the formation of cholesterol and triglycerides in the body

Fibrates do what?

Lower levels of both cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood

Lopid, Tricor, and Atomid-S are types of

Fibrates (Lower levels of both cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood)

Drugs that bind to bile salts do what?

Reduce fat absorption from the intestines

PCSK9 Inhibitors do what?

lower LDL

esomeprazole magnesium, metoclopramide, omeprazole, famotidine, pantoprazole, and lansoprazole treat what?

GERD

Adalimumab is a common medication to treat?

Chrohn’s disease

3 main groups of bronchodilators

Sympathomimetics, anticholinergics, and Xanthines

Most commonly used brochodilator?

Symathomimetic drugs

Proventil and Ventolin are what kind of drug?

Sympathoimetic (Bronchodilator)

Atrovent and Spirvia are what kind of drug?

Anticholinergics (Brochodilator)

Theophylline, Aminophylline, Theo-Dur, and Slo-bid are what kind of drug?

Xathines and xanthine derivatives

Etodolac is what kind of drug?

NSAID

Methotrexate, cicloporin, infliximab, and rituximab are what kind of drugs?

DMARDs

Diazepam (Valium), metaxalone (Skelaxin); and carisoprodol are what kind of drugs?

Muscle relaxers

penicillins, cephalosporins, and tetracyclines are what type of drugs?

Antibiotics

Macrolydies

Class of antibiotics that stop bacterial growth

Azithroymycin, clarithromycin, dirithromycibn, erthromycin, roxithromycin, and telithromycin are which type of drugs?

Macrolides / antibiotics

Fluconazole and clotrimazole are ?

Drugs to treat thrush / antifungal

Acyclovir, Valaclovir, oseltamivir,Ganciclovir, Ribavirin, and famciclovir are what kind of drug?

Antivirals

Megestrol, methotrexate are what kind of drugs?

Anticancer

Tamoxifen is?

A hormone antagonist for treatment of breast cancer

Abilify / aripiprazole is?

Antipsychotic. Treats bipolar / schizophrenia

Actos / pioglitazone is ?

Anti-diabetic

Albuterol is?

A bronchodilator. Treats Asthma, COPD, and respiratory failure.

Ambien / zolpidem is ?

sedative / hypnotic. Treats insomina

Amoxicillin is?

a penicillin antibiotic. treats bacterial infections.