History Soviet union

Both Truman Doctrine and Marshall Plan

Promoted economic aid to prevent spread of communism

The Berlin Airlift

Dropped tons of supplies to counter a Soviet blockade

Period of tension between US and Soviet Union

Cold War

Countries not aligned with East or West

Third World

Phrase Winston Churchill used to describe division in Europe

iron curtain

Policy that Harry Truman determined, he wanted to keep communism from exanding

containment

What Military alliance of Western nation was created in 1949

NATO

What alliance of communist nations was created in reaction to NATO

Warsaw Pact

What married couple was executed for espionage in 1953

rosenbergs

What US senator began a “witch hunt” for communists

Joseph McCarthy

Soviet leader that succeeded Joseph Stalin

Nikita Khrushchev

What word was coined by this senator’s opponents

McCarthyism

US president that promoted development of nuclear war weapons in 1950’s

Eisenhower

Soviet leader that advocated the idea of “peace coexistence”

Nikita Khrushchev

Cuban Missile crisis

13 day nuclear stand off in October 1962 between the US and Soviet union

What did the soviet union erect in 1961 to prevent the movement between East and West Berlin

Berlin Wall

Date that US put its first space vehicle into space

January 1958

First man to orbit the Earth

Yuri Gagarin

first American to go into space

Alan Shepard

organization authorized by Congress to run a space program

NASA

First US astronaut to orbit the Earth

John Glenn

US president that decided to put a man on the moon

John Kennedy

Agreement that the US entered into the Soviet union concerning nuclear weapons

Strategic Arms Limitation Talks Agreement (SALT 1)

Detente

easing of strained political, military or diplomatic tensions between nations

In addition to SALT 1 what else did Nixon do to further detente

Nixon arranged sale of large amounts of grain to the soviets. Two sides agreed to cooperate in scientific and space projects.

Why did Congress oppose SALT 2

Verification and Soviet advantage concerns

President Carter’s diplomatic response to Russia’s invasion of Afghanistan

Placed an embargo on sales of grain to soviets

Withdrew SALT 2

announced the Carter Doctrine

Called for American Boycott of 1980 Olympic games in Moscow

Key aspect to Reagan doctrine

Pledged America’s support to groups fighting communists in the Third World

Reagan referred to the Soviet union as

Evil Empire

What was SDI

Strategic Defense Initiative, propose US missile defense system announced by Reagan

2 initiatives that Mikahil Gorbachev advocated for

Perestroika (restructuring) and Glasnost (Openness)

Perestroika

an economic reform policy aimed to decentralize economic control

Glasnost

Social policy focused on increasing transparency in govenrment

START

Strategic Arms Reduction Talks

Name of the treaty that the soviet union and US signed in 1987

INF