Biology Nucleic acids

Hereditary information

That is genetic material, it it passen of from cell to cell and from parent to offspring

What are nucleotides made from

Pentose, base containing nitrogen and a phosphate group

How is are polymers made? (the backbone of dna and rna

The phisphate group of one nucleotide forms covalent bonds with the pentose of another

What is condensation reaction?

This is where two molecules are joined together to make one molecule and water is eliminated

Replication

when an exact copy of the DNA molecule is made

semi-conservative replication

a DNA molecule makes 2 other DNA molecules in which one strand is form the old DNA a and one from the new one

gene expression

the process where the instructions in our DNA are converted into a functional product, like a protein, that does a job in the cell

transcription

is when a RNA copy of DNA genetic meterial (gene) is made

What ist the shape of A, C, G, T,?

A and G are purine (have molecules with 2 rings of atoms) C and T are pyrimidine

What is H1 in nulceosome?

It is an additional structure that reinfroces the binding of the DNA to the nucleosome core.

Why is RNA essential in translation?

Because it converts the genetic material from DNA to amino acids