S3L2: Accessory Organs

accessory organs

glands, hair, nails, ect

sudoriferous glands

sweat glands in the palms, soles, and forehead

clear and watery

apocrine glands

sweat glands in the armpits and genital area

fatty rich in protein

oderless until broken down by bacteria

modified/specialized glands

ceruminous - in the ear, they produce earwax

mammary - in chest, they make milk

sebaceous glands

produce sebum

white heads

sebum and head cells clog a pore

blackheads

clogged pore opens to the skin surface

pimples

rupture of clogged pore causing localized bacterial inflammation

functions of hair

protection from uv

foreign particles entering body

insulation

hair follicles

located in the dermis

enclosed hair is the root

exposed hair is the shaft

cuticle

outer layer of hair, a single layer that overlaps

keeps hairs aprt and from matting

cortex

middle layer containing flatten cells and melanin pigment

deculla

innermost core containing soft keratin & air spaces

round shaft

straight hair

flat shaft

curly/kinky hair

oval shaft

wavy hair

growth stage

the hair cells divid quickly, and hair gets longer

rest stage

hair is released and falls out

follicle is inactive for 3 months

what do nails do?

they reinforce and protect the distal ends of fingers and toes

nail plate

hard translucent part of nail that protects the nail bed

cells are filled with keratin

nail bed

underneath the nail plate that contains blood vessles, nerves, and melanocytes

nail matrix

produces new growth

growth is continuous

lunula

thick area that may appear as a whight crestent

cuticle

thin layer of dead skin that forms a protective seal at the base of nails