Chapter 6 Adolescence (12-18 years)

Intro to Nursing Book 2

Adoelescence

The stage of development associated with psychological and emotional maturation into adulthood

Puberty

The maturation of sexual reproductive ability. Begins with the appearance of secondary sex characteristics.

When does puberty end?

With the closure of the epiphysis of the long bones and the maximizing of height.

Females Secondary Sex Characteristics

The breast bud followed by full breast development and the widening of the pelvis & growth of pubic and armpit hair.

Male Secondary Sex Characteristics

Voice deepening, growth of facial, pubic & underarm hair, enlargement penis/testes, and increase in shoe size.

What are Secondary Sex Characteristics?

Characteristics that are not primarily associated with sexual reproduction.

Teen confusion on sex and love

Those who are struggling for identity may perceive sex differently than those with high self- esteem; “sex is needed for a relationship.”

Wet Dream

Ejaculate during sleep that may be associated with an erotic dream; a sign of male sexual maturation,

Hormone impact on acne and perspiration

Secretions from eccrine & apocrine sebaceous glands are responsible for the clogging of skin pores resulting in acne.

Peer acceptance

Formation of identity: we need others to know who we are but it is true. It is through others that we know ourselves.

Peer pressure

The extent of influence by persons of the same age, gender, and experience that is evident in personal choices and behavior.

Role Confusion

A period of non-descriptive, non-direction, and discontent with themselves and life in general.

Positive Body Image

Feeling good about oneself and feeling attractive to others.

Body Dysmorphia

A distorted perception of body image that causes individuals to engage in unhealthy action to achieve desired body.

Rebellion & Rejection of Authority

Too many rules become controlling and this just creates a hostile environment that will surely elicit revolt.

Formal Operations (Highest Order of Piaget’s Schema)

Individuals can think abstractly, can think about thinking, and can hypothesize about problems and potential solutions.

Fable of Immunity (unrealistic perception)

Believing that even though bad things can and do happen to others, these things won’t happen to them

Adolescent Limitations in Cognition

They often think they know more than they actually do. This and with lack of experience often results in errors of judgment.

Morality & Development of Conscience

Just because things have always been done a certain way is the very reason why teens think they should not be done this way.

Bullying impact on LGBTQ+ Teens

They may experience stigma, discrimination or bullying. Increasing difficulty on their sexual experimentation/experiences.

Acne Causation

Caused by pubescent activation of the endocrine gland.

Menarche

First menses & indication that the female body has nearly reached the end of puberty; maturation of sexual reproductive ability.