Mitosis, Meiosis, and Cell Processes Vocabulary

Vocabulary flashcards covering cellular division processes (mitosis and meiosis) and cell transport mechanisms (osmosis, diffusion, active transport, and passive transport) from the lecture notes.

Mitosis

Process where a single cell divides into two identical daughter cells (cell division).

Purpose of Mitosis

Growth and repair.

4 Phases of Mitosis

1. Prophase, 2. Metaphase, 3. Anaphase, 4. Telophase.

Interphase

Phase that happens before mitosis.

Meiosis

Process where a single cell divides twice to produce four cells containing half the original amount of genetic information (sex cells).

Purpose of Meiosis

Reproduction.

Osmosis

Movement of water molecules from a high concentration to a lower concentration through a semi-permeable membrane.

Diffusion

Movement of molecules/particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

Active Transport

Movement of molecules across a cell membrane into a region of higher concentration, assisted by enzymes and requiring energy.

Passive Transport

Movement of ions and other atomic or molecular substances across cell membranes without need of energy input.