chapter 10 - muscuskeletal system word elements

Articulation

Place of union between two or more bones; Joint

Hematopoiesis

production of blood cells, normally in bone marrow

ligaments

Connective tissue that connects bone to bone

Tendons

Connective tissue that connects muscle to bone

adduction

movement toward the midline

abduction

Movement away from the midline of the body

Flexion

Decreases the angle of a joint

extension

increases the angle of a joint

rotation

moves a bone around its own axis

pronation

turning the palm downward

Supination

movement that turns the palm up

Inversion

Turning the sole of the foot inward

Eversion

turning the sole of the foot outward

Dorsiflexion

elevates the foot

plantar flexion

lowers the foot (points the toes)

visceral muscle

muscle connected to internal organs; involuntary or smooth muscle

Diarthrosis

freely movable joint

Amphiarthrosis

slightly movable joint

leiomy/o

smooth muscle

-oma

tumor

muscul/o

muscle

my/o

muscle

-ar

pertaining to

rhabd/o

rod-shaped, striated

-oid

resembling

rhabdomy/o

rod-shaped (striated) muscle

brachi/o

arm

-algia

pain

carp/o

carpus (wrist bones)

cephal/o

head

cervic/o

neck, cervix

clavicul/o

clavicle (collar bone)

-dynia

pain

-ad

toward

cost/o

ribs

crani/o

cranium (skull)

dactyl/o

fingers, toes

humer/o

humerus (upper arm bone)

metacarp/o

metacarpus (hand bones)

-tomy

incision

-itis

inflammation

-ectomy

excision, removal

radi/o

radius (lower arm bone, thumb side)

spondyl/o

vertebra (backbone)

vertebr/o

vertebra (backbone)

inter-

between

stern/o

sternum

thorac/o

chest

calcane/o

calcaneum (heel bone)

femor/o

femur (thigh bone)

fibul/o

fibula (smaller lower leg bone)

ili/o

ilium (lateral, flaring portion of hip bone)

ischi/o

ischium (lower portion of the hip bone)

lumb/o

loins (lower back)

-ic

pertaining to

metacars/o

metatarsus (foot bones)

patell/o

patella (kneecap)

pelv/i, pelv/o

pelvis

-metry

act of measuring

pod/o

foot

pub/o

pubis (anterior part of the pelvic bone)

tibi/o

tibia (larger bone of lower leg)

ankyl/o

crooked, bent, stiff

arthr/o

joint

chondr/o

cartilage

fasci/o

fascia, fibrous band

-plasty

surgical repair

fibr/o

fiber, fibrous tissue

kyph/o

humpback

lamin/o

lamina (part of vertebral arch)

lord/o

curve, swayback

myel/o

spinal cord, bone marrow

orth/o

straight

oste/o

bone

-osis

abnormal condition

ped/o

child, foot

scoli/o

crooked, bent

synov/o

synovial membrane

ten/o, tendin/o, tendon/o

tendon

-asthenia

weakness, debility

-clasia

to break; surgical fracture

-clast

to break; surgical fracture

-desis

binding, fixation (of a bone or joint)

-malacia

softening

-porosis

porous

-sarcoma

malignant tumor of connective tissue

a-

without, not

syn-

together, joined