OnRamps Biology Functional Groups

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Biology

Last updated 7:50 PM on 10/4/26
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7 Terms

1
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Phosphate

  • Charged, ionizes to release H+

  • Acidic

  • characterized by the presence of P

  • complex structure


<ul><li><p>Charged, ionizes to release H<sup>+</sup></p></li><li><p>Acidic</p></li><li><p>characterized by the presence of P</p></li><li><p>complex structure </p></li></ul><p></p>
2
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Amino

  • Charged, accepts H+ to to form NH3+

  • Basic because it can remove H+ from solution

  • Characterized by the presence of N

  • Branched structure


<ul><li><p>Charged, accepts H<sup>+</sup> to to form NH<sub>3</sub><sup>+</sup></p></li><li><p>Basic because it can remove H<sup>+ </sup>from solution</p></li><li><p>Characterized by the presence of N</p></li><li><p>Branched structure </p></li></ul><p></p>
3
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Carboxyl

  • Charged, ionized to release H+

  • Acidic because they release H+ ions into a solution

  • Characterized by central C bound to O and OH


<ul><li><p>Charged, ionized to release H<sup>+</sup></p></li><li><p>Acidic because they release H<sup>+ </sup>ions into a solution </p></li><li><p>Characterized by central C bound to O and OH</p></li></ul><p></p>
4
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Carbonyl

  • Polar

  • Characterized by central C and O

  • Bound to 2 organic side groups

  • Double bond increases O polarity


<ul><li><p>Polar </p></li><li><p>Characterized by central C and O </p></li><li><p>Bound to 2 organic side groups </p></li><li><p>Double bond increases O polarity </p></li></ul><p></p>
5
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Methyl

  • Nonpolar

  • Characterized by H and C

  • Simple structure


<ul><li><p>Nonpolar </p></li><li><p>Characterized by H and C </p></li><li><p>Simple structure </p></li></ul><p></p>
6
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Sulfhydryl

  • Polar

  • Characterized by presence of S

  • Simple branched structure


<ul><li><p>Polar </p></li><li><p>Characterized by presence of S </p></li><li><p>Simple branched structure </p></li></ul><p></p>
7
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Hydroxyl

  • Polar

  • Hydrophilic

  • Characterized by H and O

  • Simple structure


<ul><li><p>Polar </p></li><li><p>Hydrophilic</p></li><li><p>Characterized by H and O </p></li><li><p>Simple structure </p></li></ul><p></p>