Anatomy Test #2

Frontal Bone

Bone that forms the forehead

Parietal Bones

two bones that form the top and upper sides of the skull

Temporal Bone

bones on the sides of the skull near the ears

Occipital Bone

bone that forms the back and base of the skull

Sphenoid Bone

Butterfly-shaped bone at the base of the skull, behind the eyes.

Nasal Bone

two small bones that form the bridge of the nose

Zygomatic Bone

cheekbones

Maxilla

upper jawbone; holds the upper teeth

Mandible

lower jawbone; the movable bone used for chewing

Foramen Magnum

large opening in the skull where the spinal cord passes through

Occipital Condyles

rounded surfaces that connect the skull to the first vertebra (C1)

Palatine Bone

bone that forms the back part of the hard palate (roof of mouth)

Mastoid Processes

bony bumps behind the ears where neck muscles attach

Coronal Suture

joint between the frontal and parietal bones

squamous suture

joint between the parietal and temporal bones

lambdoid suture

joint between the parietal and occipital bones

scapula

shoulder blade; a flat, triangular bone on the back

Cervical vertebrae (C1-C7)

seven vertebrae in the neck

Atlas (C1)

First cervical vertebra; supports the skull and allows you to nod your head

Axis (C2)

Second cervical vertebra; allows you to rotate your head from side to side

Thoracic vertebrae (T1-T12)

Twelve vertebrae in the upper and middle back that connect to the ribs

Lumbar Vertebrae (L1-L5)

Five large vertebrae in the lower back that support much of the body’s weight

Sacrum

Triangular bone at the base of the spine, formed by fused vertebrae

Coccyx

Tailbone; the small bone at the very bottom of the spine

true ribs

first seven pairs of ribs; attach directly to the sternum through their own costal cartilage

false ribs

ribs 8-12; do not attach directly to the sternum through their own costal cartilage

floating ribs

ribs 11-12; do not attach to the sternum at all

costal cartilage

flexible cartilage that connects the ribs to the sternum

sternum

flat bone in the center of the chest

manubrium

upper part of the sternum; connects to the clavicles and first ribs

sternum body

long, middle part of the sternum

xiphoid process

small, pointed bottom part of the sternum

clavicle

collarbone; connects the sternum to the scapula region at the shoulder

Humerus

bone of the upper arm, between the shoulder and elbow

radius

forearm bone on the thumb side

ulna

forearm bone on the pinky side; forms much of the elbow joint

scaphoid

carpal bone on the thumb side, near the radius

lunate

crescent-shaped carpal bone near the center of the wrist

triquetrum

three-sided carpal bone on the pinky side of the wrist

pisiform

small, pea-shaped carpal bone on the pinky side of the wrist

trapezium

carpal bone that connects to the thumb

trapezoid

small carpal bone next to the trapezium, connecting to the index finger

capitate

largest carpal bone, near the center of the wrist

Hamate

carpal bone on the pinky side with a hook-shaped projection

metacarpals

five bones that form the palm of the hand

proximal phalanges

finger bones closest to the palm

intermediate phalanges

middle finger bones; absent in the thumb

distal phalanges

finger bones at the tips

Ilium

large, flared upper part of the hip bone

ischium

lower, back part of the hip bone; the part you sit on

pubis

front part of the hip bone; the left and right sides meet at the pubic symphysis

femur

thighbone; the longest and strongest bone in the body

tibia

larger, inner bone of the lower leg; the shinbone

fibula

smaller, outer bone of the lower leg

intermediate cuneiform

middle wedge-shaped bone between the other two cuneiforms

lateral cuneiform

outer wedge-shaped bone near the third metatarsal

medial cuneiform

inner wedge-shaped bone near the big toe

navicular

boat-shaped bone on the inner side of the foot, in front of the talus

cuboid

cube-shaped bone on the outer side of the foot

talus

ankle bone that connects the foot to the tibia and fibula

calcaneus

heel bone; the largest tarsal bone

metatarsals

five long bones that form the middle of the foot

proximal phalanges

toe bones closest to the foot

intermediate phalanges

middle toe bones; absent in the big toe

distal phalanges

toe bones at the tips