WH2 India Test terms

Satyagraha

the form of nonviolent resistance initiated in India by Mahatma Gandhi in order to oppose British rule and to hasten political reforms

Swadeshi

boycott of british goods to make English make concessions for Indians

Muslim League

an organization formed in 1906 to protect the interests of India's Muslims, which later proposed that India be divided into separate Muslim and Hindu nations which created Pakistan

Lucknow Pact

A 1916 alliance between the Hindus leading the Indian National Congress and the Muslim League.

Indian National Congress(INC)

Major Indian political party; began as leading organization of Indian independence movement

Vernacular Press Act

a law the British passed to stop the publication of articles that criticized British authority

Quit India Movement

Mass civil disobedience campaigns in India against British rule in 1942 led by Ghandi

Government of India Act 1919

Initiating the Indian independence; more local government control (1919)

Khadi

an Indian homespun cotton cloth

All-India Census

1871; recording of information regarding location of Indian's workplaces/ houses, languages spoken, religion, and other elements of their identity

Cholera

an acute intestinal infection caused by ingestion of contaminated water or food

irrigation

The process of supplying water to areas of land to make them suitable for growing crops.

Indian Civil Service

The elite professional class of officials who administered the government of British India. Originally composed exclusively of well-educated British men, it gradually added qualified Indians.

British Raj

The name for the British government's military rule of India between 1858 and 1947.

Viceroy

A governor or ruler exercising authority on behalf of a sovereign in a province or colony

Partition of Bengal

British divided Bengal into a Hindu section and a Muslim section

Armistar Massacre

(1919) an event in which British troops fired on a large crowd of peaceful, unarmed Indian protestors protesting the rowlatt acts.

Gahndi

For 20 years, he fought laws for Indians in Africa. Nonviolent. Was known for civil disobedience. Leader of the Salt march

Rowlatt Acts

Laws passed in 1919 that allowed the British government in India to jail anti-British protesters without trial for as long as two years

Salt March

Gandhi led a march over 240 miles to protest the British monopoly on salt in India

Railroads

train tracks that stretched across india putting many families out of their homes

Bengal Famine of 1943

Was a major famine of the Bengal province in British India during World War II. An estimated 2.1-3 million, out of a population of 60.3 million, died of starvation, or of malaria and other diseases aggravated by malnutrition, population displacement, unsanitary conditions and lack of health care. Millions were impoverished as the crisis overwhelmed large segments of the economy and social fabric. Historians have frequently characterized the famine as "man-made," asserting that wartime colonial policies created and then exacerbated the crisis. A minority view holds that the famine arose from natural causes.

Civil Lines

residential areas built by British for officers