Intro to Healthcare BM 2 S1

Hippocrates

Known as the 'Father of Medicine,' he shifted the practice of healing from magic and superstition to a more systematic approach.

Florence Nightingale

Founder of modern nursing, she established practices that improved hospital sanitation and patient care.

Joseph Lister

Pioneered antiseptic surgery by applying germ theory to medical practice, significantly reducing post-operative infections.

James Watson and Francis Crick

Described the double helix structure of DNA, which is fundamental to genetics.

Leading cause of death in the 16th century

Infectious diseases

What started the Dark Ages?

The fall of the Roman Empire led to the Dark Ages, characterized by a decline in scientific and cultural advancement.

What device allows physicians to listen inside the body?

A stethoscope.

Why was the printing press revolutionary?

It allowed for the mass production of books, making medical knowledge more accessible.

Types of therapies the ancient Greeks used

Included herbal remedies, surgery, and the use of baths and exercise.

What did the Romans develop based on Greek knowledge?

They developed advanced surgical techniques and public health systems, including aqueducts and sanitation.

What are the Egyptians credited with?

They are credited with early practices in medicine, including surgery and the use of medicinal plants.

What does RACE stand for?

Rescue the patient

Activate alarm

Confine or contain

Extinguish

Lifting Technique

-Legs should be spread about 15 inches apart (shoulder width).

-Place feet so the center of gravity is balanced.

-With your back held upright, bring your upper body down by bending the legs.

-Grasp the patient/stretcher.

-Lift the patient by raising your upper body and arms and straightening your legs until standing.

-Keep the weight close to your body.

-Keep your arms the same distance apart.

Fire Hazards

Risks that a fire may occur

Evacuation Procedures

clear step-by-step procedures for the rapid, efficient, and safe removal of individuals from a building during an emergency

Glove Procedures

• wash hands

• select correct glove size

• avoid touching glove and hold by edge when putting on

• check for rips or tears

(NEVER BLOW INTO GLOVES OR ROLL TO GET ON)

Biohazard Symbol

Interlocking circles. Means infectious material/bodily fluids.

Radiation Symbol

Three-bladed fan shape. Means X-rays or radioactive material.

Posion/Toxitity Symbol

Skull and crossbones. Means dangerous chemicals.

Bioterrorism

the deliberate spread of pathogenic organisms into a community to cause widespread illness, fear, and panic

MSDS

A widely used abbreviation for Material Safety Data Sheet. A MSDS contains details of the hazards associated with a chemical, and gives information on its safe use.

What must be done when you see damaged equipment?

• Report it immediately to your supervisor or teacher.

• Tag it "Do Not Use" or lock it out.

• Never attempt to operate or fix it yourself.

How many times do you read a label?

3

What is needed for a fire?

oxygen, fuel, heat

What type of fire extinguisher used to put out fires?

ABC

Fire Extinguisher A

contains pressurized water - used on combustible fires such as paper, cloth and wood

Fire Extinguisher B

Flammable liquids

Fire Extinguisher C

electrical fires

What is the measurement for a broad base of support?

8-10 inches

What does MMR stand for?

measles, mumps, rubella

Nosocomial

hospital acquired infection

PPE's and what they are used for.

Personal Protective Equipment • Used to protect healthcare workers from blood, bodily fluids, and infectious diseases.

• Includes gloves, gowns, masks, and eye shields.

Chemical Disinfection

• Disinfection: Kills pathogenic organisms on surfaces, but does not destroy spores.

Chemical Sterilization

• Sterilization: Destroys all microorganisms, including spores and viruses (usually done via an autoclave).

Direct vs Indirect Contact

Direct : person to person interaction

Indirect : touching a contaminated object

Chain of Infection

The 6 links:

1. Infectious Agent

2. Reservoir

3. Portal of Exit

4. Mode of Transmission

5. Portal of Entry

6. Susceptible Host.

Ways to break the chain of infection

Handwashing (the most effective way), vaccination, sterilization, and wearing PPE.

Types of viral and fungal infections

• Viral: Common cold, influenza (flu), chickenpox, and HIV.

• Fungal: Ringworm, athlete's foot, and thrush.

Best environment for microorganisms

warm, dark, and moist