17 Yersinia

French bacteriologist Yersin

Yersinia is named after?

Yersinia pestis

cause of plague in 1984

7

how many species in Yersinia

Yersinia pseudotuberculosis

Out of 7 species of Yersinia, which is important cause of animal disease?

Yersinia enterocolitica

Species of Yersinia that is present in alimentary tract of animals and can serve as source of infection for humans

primarily a disease of rodents but dogs and cats maybe naturally infected

Which species can also be infected by Yersinia pestis

Pasteurella pseudotuberculosis

Yersinia pseudotuberculosis is formerly?

Corynebacterium rodentium

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis is assc with?

Yersinia pseudotuberculosis is Cause of plague-like disease in guinea pigs, sometimes rats and occasionally other rodents, rare infections in other animals

Yersinia pseudotuberculosis is Cause of plague-like disease in ______ ____, sometimes ____ and occasionally other _____, rare infections in other animals

Morphology and Staining in Yersinia

• Pleomorphic, varies from coccoid to bacilli 5 um or more long

• Maybe single and occasionally in chains

Morphology and Staining in Yersinia

• ______, varies from ____ to _____ 5 um or more long

• Maybe single and occasionally in _____

Morphology and Staining in Yersinia

• Sometimes bipolar stained

• Gram negative, non-acid fast and non-capsulated

• Peritrichous flagella when cultured at 18 to 30’C but not at 37’C

Morphology and Staining in Yersinia

• Sometimes ______ stained

• Gram ______, non-___ fast and non-_____

• ______ flagella when cultured at __ to 30’C but not at 37’C

Yersinia Cultural and Biochemical Features

• Colonies non-hemolytic, 0.1 to 1.0 mm,

• translucent and granular

• Centers of old colonies raised and more opaque than the periphery which may have radial striations

Yersinia Cultural and Biochemical Features

• Colonies non-_____, 0.1 to 1.0 mm,

• _____ and _____

• Centers of ___ colonies raised and more opaque than the periphery which may have ____ striations

Yersinia Cultural and Biochemical Features

• Optimum growth temperature at 28’C

• Ferments glucose and some other carbohydrates but produces little or no gas

• Does not produce urease

Yersinia Cultural and Biochemical Features

• Optimum growth temperature at __’C

• Ferments _____ and some other carbohydrates but produces little or no __

• Does not produce ____

1. envelope antigen F1

2. plasmid encoded V and W antigens

Antigens of Yersinia

envelope antigen, F1

Antigens of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis that is composed of protein and carbohydrates, an important virulence factor; also found in Y. pestis

Plasmid encoded V and W antigens

Antigens of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis that is also found in Y. pseudotuberculosis and Y. pestis

Antigens of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis have 6 serogroups based on thermostable O antigens I-VI and 5 H antigens (a to e)

Antigens of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis have _ serogroups based on thermostable _ antigens I-VI and 5 _ antigens (a to e)

In rodents, birds and soil

Epizootiology and Pathogenesis

Yersinia pseudotuberculosis is found in?

infected by ingestion during cold weather

Yersinia pseudotuberculosis spreads infection by and during?

pneumonia and abortion

Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infections in cattle is associated with?

abdominal and urinary disturbances

Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infections in cat is associated with?

captive birds

Yersinia pseudotuberculosis is common in?

Yersinia pseudotuberculosis in guinea pigs:

• Animals lose weight develop diarrhea and die in 3 to 4 weeks

• Mesenteric lymph nodes greatly swollen and caseous, nodular abscesses in Peyer’s patches, liver and spleen

Yersinia pseudotuberculosis in guinea pigs:

• Animals lose weight develop _____ and die in _ to _ weeks

• Mesenteric lymph nodes greatly ____ and ____, ____ abscesses in Peyer’s patches, liver and spleen

Yersinia pseudotuberculosis in guinea pigs

• F1, V and W antigens necessary for virulence

• Incubation at 37’C results in loss of plasmid-encoded V and W antigens and loss of invasive ability

Yersinia pseudotuberculosis in guinea pigs

• F1, V and W antigens necessary for virulence

• Incubation at 37’C results in loss of plasmid-encoded V and W antigens and loss of invasive ability

Immunity

1. IN instillation of live, avirulent culture in guinea pigs against virulent strains

2. Facultative intracellular parasite; cell-mediated immunity

Immunity

1. IN instillation of ___ , ______ culture in guinea pigs against _____ strains

2. ______ ______ parasite; ___-mediated immunity

Differentiated from Y. pestis by urease test and ability to grow well in deoxycholate-citrate agar

Diagnosis in Yersinia pseudotuberculosis

Yersinia enterocolitica

Ubiquitous but isolated from humans and chinchillas with alimentary tract disturbances, from healthy cattle and swine and from meat, shellfish and ice cream

Yersinia enterocolitica

Resembles Y. pseudotuberculosis in colonial and microscopic morphology

Yersinia enterocolitica

34 O antigens, O3 in pigs, O3,O8, O9 in humans

Heat stable enterotoxin produced at

Yersinia enterocolitica have this enterotoxin produced at what celsius?

Yersinia enterocolitica

This yersinia has Same plasmid-encoded virulence antigens V, W/O antigens in Y. pseudotuberculosis

1. terminal ileitis

2. diarrhea

3. mesenteric adenitis

4. symptoms that simulate appendicitis

Yersinia enterocolitica disease in humans

Yersinia enterocolitica

Human infections from animal sources and contaminated food by human carriers

Yersinia pestis

Cause of bubonic plague or black death in humans

Yersinia pestis In warm climates disease assumes bubonic form, swollen lymph nodes known as buboes

Yersinia pestis In ____ climates disease assumes bubonic form, swollen lymph nodes known as ______

Yersinia pestis In cold climates, disease in pneumonic form which is highly fatal and contagious

Yersinia pestis In ___ climates, disease in _____ form which is highly fatal and contagious

Yersinia pestis

Resembles Y. pseudotuberculosis in microscopic and colonial morphology and antigenic make-up

Yersinia pestis is Naturally in rats which become infested thru bite of infected rat fleas Xenopsylla cheopis

Yersinia pestis is Naturally in _____ which become infested thru bite of infected rat fleas ______ ______

Yersinia pestis

Organism multiplies in flea

Yersinia pestis

Once introduced into population, spreads rapidly

When Yersinia pestis plague spreads in areas sparsely inhabited by humans, sylvatic form

When Yersinia pestis plague spreads in areas sparsely inhabited by humans, _______ form