APAH - BUDDHISM & HINDUISM (UNIT 5)

Stupa

Dome-shaped shrine for Buddhist meditation.

4 Noble Truths

Core Buddhist teachings: Life is suffering; Suffering is caused by desire; Suffering ends by overcoming desire; Follow the Eightfold Path to enlightenment.

Wheel of Buddhist Doctrine

Symbol of the Eightfold Path; a guide to balance.

Chatra

Parasol symbol on stupas, showing royal protection.

Yasti

The central pillar of the stupa; represents the universe's axis.

Torana

Gateway leading into a stupa, decorated with carvings.

Dogma

Set of principles or rules; Buddhism emphasizes individual journeys over strict rules.

Yakshi

Female figure symbolizing fertility and prosperity.

Nirvana

Perfect peace and freedom from suffering.

Mudras

Hand gestures by Buddha, each with symbolic meaning.

Karma

Actions bring consequences; what goes around comes around.

Dharma

Teachings of Buddha and the path to righteousness.

Cranial Bump

Symbol of Buddha’s wisdom and enlightenment.

Lotus Flower Symbol

Symbolizes purity, rising above challenges.

Urna

Third eye on Buddha’s forehead, representing spiritual insight.

Grotto

Small cave, often used for Buddhist meditation.

Mandala

Geometric designs representing the universe; used for meditation.

Walking Pilgrimage

Walking meditation, often to sacred Buddhist sites.

Corbelled Arch/Roof

A type of stone arch held by gravity, not mortar.

Balustrade

A decorative railing.

Jahangir-Nama

Biography of Emperor Jahangir, with detailed folio paintings.

Shaykh

Muslim religious leader or teacher.

Legalism

Strict adherence to laws, focused on centralized power.

Prince Siddhartha Gautama

Founder of Buddhism, who became enlightened as the Buddha.

King Ashoka

Gupta ruler who helped Buddhism flourish along the Silk Road.

Petra, Jordan

Ancient rock-cut city known for its ornate facades.

Buddha, Bamiyan

Giant Buddha statues cut into cliffs in Afghanistan, destroyed in 2001.

Jowo Rinpoche, Jokhang Temple

Sacred Buddha statue, centerpiece of Tibetan Buddhism.

Great Stupa at Sanchi

Dome-shaped Buddhist shrine for meditation in India.

Terra Cotta Warriors

Life-sized army figures found in the tomb of the Qin emperor.

Funeral Banner of Lady Dai

Burial banner depicting the afterlife from the Han Dynasty.

Longmen Caves

Caves filled with Buddhist sculptures from the Tang Dynasty.

Gold and Jade Crown

Ceremonial crown from the Silla Kingdom of Korea.

Todai-ji

Largest wooden Buddhist temple in Japan, housing a giant Buddha.

Borobudur Temple

Massive Buddhist stupa and pilgrimage site in Java.

Angkor Wat

Hindu temple complex in Cambodia.

Lakshmana Temple

Elaborate Hindu temple known for its erotic carvings.

Travelers Among Mountains and Streams

Chinese landscape painting by Fan Kuan celebrating nature.

Shiva as Lord of the Dance (Nataraja)

Cast bronze sculpture representing Shiva dancing.

Night Attack on the Sanjo Palace

Handscroll depicting a historic battle during the Kamakura Period.

The David Vases

Decorative porcelain vases from the Yuan Dynasty.

Portrait of Sin Sukju

Portrait honoring a loyal Korean official from the Joseon Dynasty.

Forbidden City

Walled imperial palace located in Beijing during the Ming Dynasty.

Ryoan-ji

Zen Buddhist temple famous for its minimalist rock garden.

Jahangir Preferring a Sufi Shaikh to Kings

Painting depicting Mughal emperor Jahangir prioritizing spirituality.

White and Red Plum Blossoms

Abstract Japanese painting by Ogata Korin of plum trees.

Under the Wave off Kanagawa (The Great Wave)

Iconic woodblock print featuring Mount Fuji.

Chairman Mao en Route to Anyuan

Propaganda portrait of Mao created during Communist China.