Grade 9 Geography - Key Terminology

A set of vocabulary flashcards covering fundamental concepts, demographic measures, and geographical tools from the Grade 9 Geography curriculum.

Geography

The scientific study of the Earth that describes and analyses spatial and temporal variations of physical, biological and human phenomena, and their interrelationships and dynamism over the surface of the Earth.

Anthroposphere

The part of the environment that is made or modified by humans.

Vicinal Location

A form of relative location that describes the position of a country in relation to its neighboring countries.

Strategic Location

Also called natural or global location, it describes a country's location in reference to surrounding water bodies and landmasses.

Age Dependency Ratio

The relationship between the working or economically active population ($15\text{--}64$ years) and the non-working dependent population ($0\text{--}14$ years and $65+$ years).

Crude Density

The ratio of total population to total area, representing the average number of people inhabiting a unit of land area.

Optimum Population

The population size that, along with existing natural resources and a given state of technology, yields the highest output and income per capita.

Deforestation

The indiscriminate removal or clearing of the natural vegetation and forest cover of an area without adequate replacement.

Planimeter

A mechanical device used to obtain accurate area measurements of both regular and irregular shaped geographical features from maps.

True North

The northerly direction from any point on the Earth's surface toward the geographic North Pole along a meridian line of longitude.