Global Architectural History Exam 2

What type of building is this and where is it located?

Iwan mosque/Iran

Which monastery was among the most powerful institutions in Western Europe around 1100?

Cluny

Which of these statements about Islamic architectural ornament is false?

Classical architecture is depicted in mosaic.

Which of these is an accurate statement about a typical hypostyle or hall mosque?

Can accommodate multiple activities its extensive space

In the history of the Eastern Church, the year 843 is the date of the "Triumph of Orthodoxy." What was the triumph about?

Confirmation that icons and holy images were central to religious practice

Which of these features is found at the Great Mosque of Cordoba?

Ribbed vaults

Which term best describes the type of church shown here?

Cross-in-square plan

Which of these buildings features one of the earliest uses of ribbed vaulting in a Christian building?

Durham Cathedral

Which term refers to the direction of Mecca in Muslim practice?

Qibla

What describes “A” in this image?

Choir

What is the order of these buildings from earliest to latest? (Great Mosque of Cordoba, Dome of the Rock, Sultan Han Caravansary/Turkey, Mausoleum of Ismail the Samanid)

Dome of the Rock

Great Mosque of Cordoba

Mausoleum of Ismail the Samanid

Sultan Han Caravansary/Turkey

Which statement is false about this place?

Only monks were allowed in it

What is the order of these buildings from earliest to latest? (Palatine Chapel in Aachen; San Ambrogio, Milan; Speyer Cathedral; Saint-Foye Abbey Church Conques)

Palatine Chapel in Aachen

Speyer Cathedral

San Ambrogio, Milan

Saint-Foye Abbey Church Conques

Which of these is NOT a requirement for a monastery governed according to the Rule of St. Benedict?

More luxurious rooms for monks from noble families

What distinctive feature was distinctive to the original Abbasid plan of Baghdad?

It was circular

In Muslim architecture, a tower from which the call to prayer is announced is called what?

Minaret

Which period/culture is the plan of St. Gall associated?

Carolingian

Which of these is a key characteristic of the nave elevation of this church?

Smaller piers (vertical supports) alternate with larger piers to support the vault

Which of these a novel feature of French romanesque churches that were built to accommodate pilgrimage?

Ambulatory

What characteristic of the monastery of St. Denis makes it particularly significant in medieval French politics?

Burial place of French kings

Where is this building, and what religious organization was it built for?

Florence, Italy/Dominican Friars

For what object was the Saint-Chapelle built and by whom?

Crown of Thorns/Louis IX

Which of these if not a typical characteristic of Italian Gothic churches, as seen particularly in Florence or Venice?

Complex external buttressing

What major structural concern is addressed by the upper level of buttresses on Chartres Cathedral?

Wind loading

What is the center band of this nave elevation called?

Triforium

Which of these is an advantage of ribbed vaulting?

Can easily cover irregular polygon bays

Which of these is a distinctive cultural characteristic of towns in late medieval Europe?

Desire for personal connection with religion

Which of these is NOT thought to be a key motivation of the design for the choir of St. Denis?

Expressing the weight of the building to show power

Where is this building and to whom is it dedicated?

Chartres, France/Virgin Mary

Which of these is a distinctive cultural characteristic of towns in late medieval Europe?

Desire for personal connection with religion

Which of these functions was not housed in the building around this courtyard?

Housing for out of town guests

Which of these is not a feature Muslim rulers and their builders introduced to Indian architecture?

The decorative column

Who sponsored the temples at Khajuraho and why?

The Chandelas dynasty/ an expression of divine power invested in the king

In the 1100s the Muslim rulers of India founded their capital at…

Delhi

Which phrase best describes the urban pattern of Angkor at the height of the Khmer Empire?

Low density mixed with agriculture

Which of these is a probable reason for the inclusion of sculpture on the toranas of the Great Stupa at Sanchi?

To explain Buddhist ideas to pilgrims who weren’t monks

What is this type of space called in the Buddhist tradition?

Caitya

What is on the upper three levels of Borobudur?

Small stupas containing Buddha figures

Why was the step well structure in Patan (Gujarat State) built?

As a temple to water deities

Where the wall paintings at Ajanta very similar to the first Buddhist wall paintings in China?

Yes

In addition to their religious symbolism, which of these is a likely interpretation of the canals around the large temples at Angkor, Cambodia?

They were part of the irrigation system

What principle did Hindu temple architects use to give three-dimensional expression to the divine energies within the building?

Microarchitecture

What term describes the vertical element that tops a Stupa?

Chattris

Which of these is a key priority in Confucian teachings?

Respect for elders

Why was the Yingzao Fashi written and what was its primary audience?

Because of cost overruns on buildings/mandarin bureaucrats

With what sect of Buddhism is this building associated?

Pure Land

What structural detail of traditional Chinese buildings makes the transition between the columns and the roof structure?

Bracket set

Which of these is a valid description of the great Wooden Pagoda at Fogong?

It is structured as separate buildings on top of one another

What vernacular building type is the basis for many Shinto shrines in Japan?

Granary

Which of these is NOT a characteristic of Chinese temple and palace complexes?

Rows of arches to support the roof