Chemistry - Exam 1 (Ch.s 1, 2, & 3)

What is the definition of chemistry?

The study of the interactions of matter with other matter and with energy.

What are the branches of chemistry?

1. Physical Chemistry

2. Analytic Chemistry

3. Inorganic Chemistry

4. Organic Chemistry

5. Biochemistry Chemistry

6. Polymer Chemistry

What is matter?

Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space- like food, air, rocks, etc.

What is Energy?

Energy doesn’t have mass and it doesn’t take up space, but it has the capacity to do work- Like like, heat, electrical energy, kinetic energy, and potential energy.

Is a book matter?

Yes

Is hate matter?

No

is light matter?

No

Is a car matter?

yes

Is a fried egg matter?

Yes

Matter is composed of what?

Atoms and Molecules

Who said: “Atoms are the building blocks of Matter”

John Dalton

What theory did John Dalton create?

Atomic Theory

What are the physical states of matter?

Solid, Liquid, and Gas

All matter is composed of what?

Atoms

Atoms of the same element are the what?

Same

Atoms of different elements are what?

Different

Atoms combine whole number ratios to form what?

Compounds

What is the charge of a Proton and where is it found?

Positive Charge, in the Nucleus

Who discovered the Proton?

Ernest Rutherford

What is the charge of a Neutron and where is it found?

No charge, in the Nucleus

Who discovered the Neutron?

James Chadwick

What is the charge of a Electron and where is it found?

Negative charge, around the Nucleus like a Cloud

Who discovered the Electron?

J.J. Thomson

Protons and Neutrons are collected in the center of the what?

Nucleus

Where are the Electrons located?

Outside the Nucleus

What is an Isotope?

Atoms of the same element, like atoms with the same number of protons, and different numbers of neutrons.

The most naturally occurring elements exist as what?

Isotopes

What are the prefixes?

One: mono

Two: di

Three: tri

Four: Tetra

Five: Penta

Six: Hexa

Seven: Hepta

Eight: Octa

Nine: Nona

Ten: Deca

What is the International System of Units shortened to?

SI

What does SI specify?

Certain units for various types of quantities.

What are the common SI units?

Length: meter (m)

Mass: kilogram (kg)

Time: seconds (s)

Temperature: Kelvin (K)

What is Standard Notation?

A straight forwards expression of a number, like 17

What is Scientific Notation?

An expression of a number using powers of 10, like 1.00 10³

When are Zeros counted in Scientific Notation?

Only if there are numbers after them, like 1.008

What kind of Substance and Type is Water?

Pure Substance, Element (H2O)

What kind of Substance and Type is Coffee?

Mixture, Compound

What kind of Substance and Type is Ice?

Pure Substance, Element (H2O)

What kind of Substance and Type is Carbon?

Pure Substance, Element (Ca)

Determine the number of each type of atom in Ba(HCO3)2

Ba= 1

H= 2

C= 2

O= 6

What is the name of the compound BaS?

Barium Sulfide

What is the name of the compound FeCl3?

Iron (III) Chloride