Theories of Health Behavior 3

Continuum model: Theory of planned behavior (fishbein n ajzen) 

Assumes that are behavior is rational and we do those things 

in Continuum model: Theory of planned behavior; Behaviors are determined by: 

Behavioral intentions: a person's commitment to performing the behavior 

• Our intentions: what do we intend to do?

The critique of this model: Intentions do not necessarily predict behavior

in Continuum model: Theory of planned behavior; Intentions are determined by:

attitude, subjective norms, perceived beavioral control

Attitude

a person's feelings about engaging in a particular behavior 

• What do we think about doing this behavior? Will it be helpful? 

• Example: how do I feel about getting vaccines? Will I think the flu shot will work

Subjective norms

People's beliefs about whether important others would support them in changing their behavior and beliefs about what other people are doing

• Do we think other people will support us in doing this (only the people we care about)? And what are other people doing? Are they doing the same thing? 

Perceived behavioral control (same thing as self-efficacy) 

The extent to which a person believes they will be able to engage in a behavior 

• Cause intentions

Evaluation 

Intentions don't always predict behaviors (intention-behavior gap)

Goal intention: having a goal intention but it lacks a plan or steps to do the goal 

Implementation intentions

specific plans for when, where, and how one will engage in a behavior 

• You have plans for implementing this behavior change

Stage model 

Transtheoretical model (prochaska n diclements)

Behavior change isn't just binary (one day yes and one day one) , there is a process where someone goes through stages of changing their behavior 

• It is a spiral change; we take a step forward but we also have setbacks or relapse but they continue again

Stage model: transtheoritical model; 6 stages

Precompilation, Contemplation, Preparation, Action, Termination

Precompilation

No intention to change problem behavior 

Before someone has contemplated changing their behavior 

Example: a smoker who isn't planning to quit smoking although they've thought about it and think of reasons not to smoke  or thinking they are safe 

Contemplation

beginning to consider changing behavior in a new behavior 

• Someone is thinking of making the change, may start to search for information

Preparation

commitment to change behavior 

• Someone has gone forward in preparation; they have committed to making the change such as telling someone ur quitting smoking n stopped buying cigarettes

• Very helpful for an intervention to build confidence   

Action

start engaging in a new behavior 

• First stage where people are actually changing their behavior doing so within the first 6 months 

• Giving lots of support is helpful in this stage 

Maintenance

change is sustained over time 

• Have maintained their behavior change beyond 6 months with no relapse; relapse is a risk but not as much 

• Giving support is helpful 

Termination

no longer much risk of relapse 

• People's behavior change has gone on for long 

• Relapse is not a risk anymore (this is wat determines termination stage)