unit 1 part 1 MC quiz

Which type of cardiac hypertrophy is most likely in a marathon
runner?
A. Concentric hypertrophy
B. Eccentric hypertrophy
C. Myocardial infarction
D. Ventricular dilation

B. Eccentric hypertrophy

A patient with dextrocardia would have their heart located:
A. Centrally in the thoracic cavity
B. On the left side of the chest
C. On the right side of the chest
D. Behind the sternum

C. On the right side of the chest

Which structure prevents the atrioventricular valves from
inverting during ventricular contraction?
A. Chordae tendineae
B. Semilunar valves
C. Coronary sinus
D. Fossa ovalis

A. Chordae tendineae

Which of the following best describes the function of the
pericardium?
A. Pumps blood through the heart
B. Prevents backflow of blood
C. Anchors and protects the heart
D. Conducts electrical impulses

C. Anchors and protects the heart

Which chamber of the heart receives oxygenated blood from
the lungs?
A. Right atrium
B. Left atrium
C. Right ventricle
D. Left ventricle

B. Left atrium

Which artery supplies the majority of the myocardium with
oxygenated blood?
A. Right coronary artery
B. Pulmonary artery
C. Left coronary artery
D. Aorta

C. Left coronary artery

What is the function of the coronary sinus?
A. Pumps blood to the lungs
B. Drains deoxygenated blood from the heart muscle

C. Supplies oxygenated blood to the brain
D. Anchors the heart to the diaphragm

B. Drains deoxygenated blood from the heart muscle

Which valve prevents backflow into the left ventricle?
A. Tricuspid valve
B. Pulmonary valve
C. Aortic valve
D. Mitral valve

C. Aortic valve

Which of the following best describes systemic circulation?
A. Blood flow from the heart to the lungs
B. Blood flow from the lungs to the heart
C. Blood flow from the heart to the body and back
D. Blood flow within the heart chambers

C. Blood flow from the heart to the body and back

Which layer of the heart wall is responsible for
contraction?
A. Endocardium
B. Epicardium
C. Myocardium
D. Pericardium

C. Myocardium

Which of the following would most likely result from a
blocked left coronary artery?
A. Pulmonary embolism
B. Myocardial infarction
C. Stroke
D. Aortic aneurysm

B. Myocardial infarction

Which training adaptation is associated with strength
training?
A. Eccentric hypertrophy
B. Decreased cardiac output
C. Concentric hypertrophy
D. Increased stroke volume only

C. Concentric hypertrophy

Which of the following is true about cardiac muscle?
A. It cannot atrophy
B. It does not respond to training
C. It hypertrophies with use
D. It is voluntary muscle

C. It hypertrophies with use

Which valve separates the right atrium from the right
ventricle?
A. Bicuspid
B. Tricuspid
C. Aortic
D. Pulmonary

B. Tricuspid

Which of the following best describes pulmonary
circulation?
A. Right heart → lungs → left heart
B. Left heart → lungs → right heart
C. Right heart → body → left heart
D. Left heart → body → right heart

A. Right heart → lungs → left heart

Which structure anchors the heart in place and prevents
overfilling?
A. Myocardium
B. Endocardium
C. Pericardium
D. Epicardium

C. Pericardium

Which of the following is a direct result of endurance
training on the heart?
A. Decreased heart size
B. Concentric hypertrophy
C. Eccentric hypertrophy
D. Valve thickening

C. Eccentric hypertrophy

Which of the following statements about blood flow is
correct?
A. Blood flows sequentially through organs
B. Blood flows in a parallel circuit to organs
C. Blood bypasses the lungs in systemic circulation
D. Blood enters the heart through the ventricles

B. Blood flows in a parallel circuit to organs

Which of the following procedures is used to treat
blocked coronary arteries?
A. Valve replacement
B. Coronary angioplasty
C. Pacemaker insertion
D. Heart transplant

B. Coronary angioplasty

A patient undergoing long-term endurance training is found to
have a slightly thickened left ventricular wall and increased
chamber size. Which of the following best explains this
adaptation?
A. Concentric hypertrophy due to pressure overload
B. Eccentric hypertrophy due to volume overload
C. Myocardial infarction-induced remodeling
D. Fibrotic thickening of the myocardium

B. Eccentric hypertrophy due to volume overload

During cardiac surgery, a surgeon notes that the coronary
arteries are filling during diastole. What is the physiological
significance of this timing?
A. It prevents oxygenated blood from entering the pulmonary circuit
B. It ensures coronary perfusion when myocardial compression is
minimal
C. It allows the coronary sinus to drain efficiently
D. It maximizes systemic blood pressure

B. It ensures coronary perfusion when myocardial compression is
minimal

A congenital defect results in the failure of the fossa ovalis to
close after birth. What is the most likely consequence of this
condition?
A. Backflow of blood into the pulmonary veins
B. Mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood between atria
C. Impaired coronary artery perfusion
D. Inability of the tricuspid valve to close properly

B. Mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood between atria

In a patient with right ventricular failure, which of the
following circulatory pathways is most directly impaired?
A. Systemic circulation

B. Coronary circulation
C. Pulmonary circulation
D. Hepatic portal circulation

C. Pulmonary circulation

Why is parallel flow in systemic circulation advantageous for
organ function?
A. It allows blood to bypass the lungs
B. It ensures that each organ receives blood with the same oxygen
content
C. It reduces the workload on the left ventricle
D. It allows sequential filtration of blood through multiple organs

B. It ensures that each organ receives blood with the same oxygen
content directly from the heart

Describe what heart failure is → concentric or eccentric hypertrophy

• the heart muscle cannot pump blood as well as it should to meet the body's needs

• it can resemble both concentric or eccentric hypertrophy

Does the left side of the heart pump the same
volume of blood compared to the right side?

• both sides pump the same amount of blood

• system balance, prevents blood backup

Why do we want the GI tract and liver to receive blood flow in series

• the hepatic portal system

• so the liver can filter, process, and detoxify absorbed nutrients and harmful substances before they enter the general systemic circulation

Hypothetically speaking, would a heart attack of the atrial walls kill someone

No because the majority of the blood that drops into the atria then into the ventricle is done by gravity, the atria contracting jus gets rid of any extra blood that gravity didnt take

5) Why does the left side of the heart receive a greater proportion of the cardiac blood flow?

• Has more myocardium to exert more force,

• and the loop of the left side of the heart has to exert more pressure to pump blood to the rest of the body

Which channels are responsible for the unique ability of the conduction system to maintain autorhythmicity?

funny channels