Bloodbank CH2 INTERNAL Innate Immunity

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Last updated 10:09 PM on 8/29/26
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18 Terms

1
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What are the different INTERNAL defense systems?

  1. PHAGOCYTIC CELLS

  2. Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs)

  3. Acute Phase Reactants

  4. Inflammation

  5. Natural Killers

  6. Innate lymphoid cells


2
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What are Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs)?

  • Receptors on PHAGOCYTIC CELLS

    • MACROPHAGES & DENDRITIC

  • RECOGNIZE PAMPs


3
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What patterns do PRRs recognize?

Parasite Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs)

FOUND ON THE PATHOGEN

4
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What occurs when PRR recognizes a PAMP?

ACTIVATION of phagocytic cells (IMMUNE RESPONSE)

5
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What is the main PRR to know?

Toll-Like Receptor (TLR)

6
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What does a TLR do?

  • Recognizes PAMPs

  • stimulates CELL SIGNALING

    • release of CYTOKINES and CHEMOKINES

  • HELPS ACTIVATE ADAPTIVE


7
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When are Acute-Phase Reactants found most?

After INJURY or INFECTION

INCREASE GREATLY AND RAPIDLY

FOUND IN BLOOD

8
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Which Acute Phase Reactant is most prominent?

C-Reactive Protein

INCREASES QUICKEST (1000x) AND MOST

9
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What do Acute Phase Reactants do?

  • ENHANCE phagocytosis

    • mediating contact between microbe and phagocytic cell

  • LIMIT TISSUE DAMAGE

  • RECYCLE


10
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What are the 5 SIGNS of INFLAMMATION

  1. HEAT

  2. SWELLING

  3. REDNESS

  4. LOSS OF FUNCTION

  5. PAIN


<ol><li><p>HEAT </p></li><li><p>SWELLING </p></li><li><p>REDNESS </p></li><li><p>LOSS OF FUNCTION </p></li><li><p>PAIN</p></li></ol><p></p>
11
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What is Inflammation?

WBCs going to area of damage/infection

Causes the swelling and redness HIGH ACTIVITY

12
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What enhances PHAGOCYTOSIS

Opsonins

essentially TAG the microorganism

13
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What are the two way in which a pathogen can be killed?

  • WITH OXYGEN

    • Oxidative Burst

    • O2 dependent

    • produce toxic products using oxygen

  • WITHOUT OXYGEN

    • O2 independent

    • change the pH of the cell, releasing some enzymes that destroy pathogen


14
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What do Natural Killer Cells Target?

TUMOR CELLS and Virally infected cells

15
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How do Natural Killer Cells IDENTIFY bad cells?

  • ALTERED MHC 1

  • ALTERED SURFACES

    • Cell has ANTIBODY coating


16
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What ACTIVATES Natural Killer Cells?

SPECIFIC Cytokines

17
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What do Natural Killer Cells PRODUCE?

Cytokines which bring in T-cells

18
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Where are Innate Lymphoid Cells found primarily?

Mucosal sites