Review of NAACP and the Great Depression

These flashcards cover key figures, events, and concepts related to the NAACP's activities and the socio-economic context of the Great Depression, aiding in exam preparation.

What contributed to the NAACP's efforts to combat segregation and discrimination?

The contributions of Juanita Mitchell, Daisy Lampkin, and Ella Baker.

What led to the drop in consumer spending during the Great Depression?

Cutbacks in production by businesses.

What was one factor that contributed to the Great Depression?

The absence of effective federal regulation of corporate capitalism.

Why was the collapse of cotton prices disastrous for African Americans during the Great Depression?

Most black people lived in the rural South, where cotton was the mainstay of the economy.

In which area were black female workers predominantly concentrated?

Domestic service.

In what field did black entrepreneur Jesse Binga make his fortune?

Banking.

Which entrepreneur built an insurance company that survived the Depression?

Charles Clinton Spaulding.

What was Matilda Evans known for?

Providing better health care to African Americans.

Before the New Deal, who was primarily responsible for providing relief during hard times?

Private charities.

What did Herbert Hoover believe about government intervention in the economy?

The government should avoid interfering in the economy.

Why did the NAACP oppose John J. Parker's nomination to the Supreme Court?

Parker was a white supremacist.

What was Charles Hamilton Houston's principal weapon against discrimination?

The filing of lawsuits.

What did the U.S. Supreme Court rule regarding state-supported education?

States had to provide a legal education to qualified black citizens.

Who was Heman Sweatt?

A black mail carrier who wanted to go to law school.

What did Roosevelt's landslide win in the 1932 presidential election reflect?

The country no longer believed in the economic philosophy of the Republican Party.

What were the main goals of the New Deal?

A group of economic initiatives.

How did FERA differ from the CCC and the CWA?

FERA provided direct financial relief, while the CCC and CWA provided jobs.

Who played a key role in addressing issues affecting African Americans during the New Deal?

Eleanor Roosevelt.

What was one of the symbols of the shifting African-American allegiance to the Democratic Party?

The election of Arthur W. Mitchell to the House of Representatives.

Why did South Carolina Senator Ellison D. Smith lead a walkout at the 1936 Democratic Convention?

To protest the seating of black delegates.

What did the Federal Council on Negro Affairs do?

Linked prominent African-American social scientists.

What organization first defended the Scottsboro Boys?

The ILD (International Labor Defense).

What did the U.S. Supreme Court rule regarding juries?

All Americans have a right to a jury of their peers.

Why did Angelo Herndon join the Communist Party?

The party was willing to offer a direct challenge to inequality.

What was one consequence of falling cotton prices during the Great Depression for African Americans?

Migration to northern cities became less affordable.

What was Langston Hughes's view on black art and literature?

To express themselves and please black audiences.

What did the Tuskegee Study reveal about the doctors involved?

They never treated the men involved.

What was the purpose of the National Industrial Recovery Act?

To stimulate manufacturing.

Who was known as the 'father of Negro history'?

Carter G. Woodson.

Which state's white primary law was contested by the NAACP in 1923?

Texas.