Test final

Using flattened bits of clay to represent _____ in the horny layer, due to their squamous appearance.

corneocytes

The stratum corneum is a waterproof protective barrier with the cells undergoing _____ approximately every 28 days.

turnover

The _____ _____ form(s) on the surface of the stratum corneum, which contribute(s) to the protective function of this epidermal layer.

acid mantle

 

Saved

The stratum ________, the clear layer of dead skin cells under the stratum corneum

lucidum

The granular appearance and production of keratin in the cells of the

stratum granulosum

Spiny-shaped cells connected by _______ located in the stratum spinosum

desmosomes

In the stratum germinativum melanocytes produce the pigment called _____, in response to DNA damage.

melanin

What term refers to the structures on the cell membrane that receive and accept hormones and produce other biochemicals?

hormone receptors

What type of glands have ducts through which chemicals move?

sudoriferous

What is the system of ductless glands that secrete or produce hormones?

endocrine system

Where is the pituitary gland located?

Center of the head

What do trophic hormones do?

cause other glands to make other hormones

What gland ties the nervous system to the endocrine system?

hypothalamus

What term refers to the daily biochemical patterns of the body?

circadian rhythms

What causes the secretion of adrenaline?

stress

What hormones help regulate blood sugar

glucocorticoids

What type of medication, if used in excess, can cause Cushing’s syndrome?

hydrocortisone

What hormone do the islets of Langerhans manufacture?

insulin

What is NOT a factor known to increase one’s likelihood of developing type 2 diabetes?

drug use

What skin condition is associated with diabetes?

fungal infection

What gland produces T cells?

thymus gland

What hormone helps enlarge the pelvic opening during childbirth?

relaxin

When do the sex glands usually begin to function?

age 12 to 14

What part of the face is usually the first to develop visible pores?

the nose

What helps to resolve keratosis pilaris?

gommages

How long does the menstrual cycle usually last?

27 to 30 days

In what phase of the menstrual cycle does the estrogen level reach a high point?

phase 3

What does the trophoblast do?

provides nutrition for the embryo

What term refers to a condition in which the face develops significant hyperpigmentation and resembles a dark facial mask?

melasma

What condition is commonly known as stretch marks?

striae distensae

What should you do when treating a pregnant woman?

perform electrical treatments only with the express approval of her physician

How long before menstruation do women commonly experience acne flare-ups?

7 to 10 days

What should you advise clients with premenstrual acne to do?

use a follicular exfoliant on a regular basis

What skin problem is often associated with the use of birth control pills?

acne flares

What condition are women who lose their ovaries early in life more likely to develop?

osteoporosis

What type of drug is now being used to help with hot flashes?

antidepressants

What is a symptom of menopausal skin?

accentuated wrinkles

What condition commonly causes hormonal fluctuations and irregular menstrual cycles?

anorexia

How long should sutures in the arms and legs be left in place before removal?

6 to 14 days

What statement about chloasma is correct?

It is most commonly seen in clients age 40 and older.

What term is used to describe long-term damage to the skin caused by UV light?

dermatoheliosis

What is NOT a sign of sun damage?

skin with few wrinkles

Where are basal cell carcinomas commonly found?

face and hand

What type of cancer cells are commonly removed through cryotherapy?

basal cell carcinomas

What term refers to a rough area of sun-damaged skin, indicated by dysplastic cell growth?

actinic keratosis

Where are seborrheic keratoses most commonly found?

temples or cheekbones

What is the most common form of acne?

acne vulgaris

What statement about microcomedones is correct?

They contain dead cell buildup, bacteria, and fatty acids from sebum.

What form of rosacea involves skin with a thickened appearance and an enlargement of the nose or other facial areas?

phymatous rosacea

What statement about rosacea is correct?

It is characterized by flush papule and pustle

Where is seborrheic dermatitis commonly seen?

in the T-zone

What type of food has consistently been implicated in aggravating acne conditions?

foods high in iodides

What should clients with excoriated acne lesions be instructed to do?

refrain from picking at them

How often should clients be instructed to cleanse their face to prevent acne aggravation?

two or three times a day

Where do the minor breakouts that mark the beginning of teenage acne typically appear?

nose

How long before a woman’s period does the elevation of testosterone in the bloodstream begin?

8 to 10 days

What grade of acne is thought of by most people as typical teenage acne?

grade 3

What is the most typical grade of acne seen by estheticians?

grade 1