Post Mortem Examination

what are the outocmes in short

definitive diagnosis based on appearance

potential problems linked to clinical signs

pathogenesis

further tests

what to consider in a field necropsy

distractions, lighting, cleanliness, ability to clean, low cross-contamination, general public

types of bone cutters

bone cutters, saw, hedge clippers

3 words for a PME

consistent

systematic structured

three types of adipose tissue

subcutanoeus visceral and perivisceral adipose tissue

considerations for external exam

lesions

colour of mucous membranes

discharges from orifices

external genitalia

ectoparasites

body condition - descriptor

what are the two recumbencies possible

ventral

left or right lateral

other name for acetabulum

coxo-femoral cavity

red mucosa

hyperaemia active or passive

haemorrhage

where should you incise for skin reflection initially to expose subcutis

from chin to perineum

where should you incise after cutting into abdominal cavity for TISSUE flaps

at the costal arch

at the pelvic rim

what to consider in both cavities

topography of the organs

presence of masses, fluid or gas in the cavity and its colour, texture and amount

serosal lining of cavity and organs - should be shiny, smooth and clear with no nodules

what to remove before removing organs (3)

adrenal glands

omentum

spleen

what forms the pluck

tongue

trachea

oesophagus

heart

lungs

what sort of joint is the hyoid apparatus made of

cartilaginous

which glands to remove from the pluck

parathyroid gland

thyroid gland

how to cut trachea, larynx and main bronchi

y shaped cut

what to describe in oesophagus

amount, colour, texture of luminal contents

discolouration and lesions of mucosa

what to talk about in terms of parenchyma - lungs, spleen and liver

change in size, shape, colour, distribution and consistency

what is teh ehart ratio

left septum right

3 3 1

how to check for gallbladder occlusion

incise duodenum cranially and palpate the gallbladder for bile flow

3 places to cut to remove GI

distal rectum

mesenteric root

coronary ligament of the liver

female perineum

cut in a circular fashion

four things to see on ovary surface

follicles

corpora

lutea

cysts

name of part of the skull removed

dorsal cranial vault

name some incidental findings

meningeal fibrosis

spinal dural ossification

skeletal muscle atrophy

lens sclerosis

teeth wear and tear

splenic siderotic plaques

oesophageal gland dilation

gall bladder mucosa hyperplasia

endocrine nodular hyperplasia

how many agonal changes are there

4

types of mortis

pallor

algor

rigor

livor

cuases of no rumen mucosal sloughing

mycotic infection

arsenic poisoning

dessicaiton

loss of water from tissues

haemoglobin imbibition

staining of tissues by haemoglobin from haemolysis after death

pseudomelanosis cause

discolouration from H2S produced by putrefying bacteria

3 things affecting rate of decomposition

temperature - species differences

tissue variability

3 things cuased by barbiturate euthanasia

splenic congestion

pulmonary oedema

barbiturate crystals

distribution

diffuse

focal

segmental

multifocal

disseminated

random

symmetrical/asymmetrical

unilateral/bilateral

crepitant

smelly from gas

gross description

recognition and description