Localisation of Function
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28 Terms
What is the motor cortex responsible for?
Regulating movement
Where is the motor cortex located?
The frontal lobe
What is Brocas area responsible for?
Speech production
Where is Brocas area located?
The left frontal lobe
What is Wernickes area responsible for?
Speech comprehension
Where is Wernickes area located?
The left temporal lobe
What is the auditory cortex responsible for?
Processing auditory information
Where is the auditory cortex located?
The temporal lobe
What is the visual cortex responsible for?
Processing visual information
Where is the visual cortex located?
The occipital lobe
What is the somatosensory cortex responsible for?
Processing sensory information such as touch
Where is the somatosensory cortex located?
The parietal lobe
What happened to Phineas Gage in 1848?
An iron rod pierced his frontal lobe
How did the accident affect Phineas Gage?
His personality changed from calm to angry
What does the case of Phineas Gage suggest about localisation of function?
The frontal lobe is involved in personality and behaviour
What did Petersen et al investigate?
Brain areas involved in language processing
Which brain area was active during listening in Petersen et al?
Wernickes area
Which brain area was active during reading in Petersen et al?
Brocas area
What did Petersen et al find?
Different brain areas showed increased blood flow during different language tasks
What is neurological evidence for localisation of function?
Evidence from brain damage and its effects on behaviour
What did Dougherty et al investigate?
The effectiveness of cingulotomy for OCD
How many OCD patients received cingulotomy in Dougherty et al?
44 patients
What percentage of patients in Dougherty et al showed a successful response after 32 weeks?
33%
What does Dougherty et al suggest about localisation of function?
The cingulate gyrus may be involved in OCD
What is Lashleys holistic theory?
Learning and memory involve the brain as a whole rather than one specific area
What did Lashley remove in his research?
10 - 50 % of the cortex in rats
What did Lashley find about the areas removed?
No single area was more important than another for learning ability
What does Lashleys research suggest about localisation of function?
Learning and memory may not be localised to one specific brain area