Plant Biology: Structures, Functions, and Transpiration

Vocabulary terms and definitions covering plant transport tissues, stomata function, transpiration, and the environmental sources of essential plant resources.

Xylem

Plant tissue that transports water from roots to leaves and is most important for water transport.

Phloem

Plant structure that transports sugars from leaves to roots.

Stomata

Structures that regulate gas exchange and water loss between the plant and the atmosphere.

Gases regulated by stomata

Carbon dioxide, water vapor, and oxygen.

Transpiration

The process where water moves through a plant and exits through the stomata in the leaves.

Guard cells

Cells that control the opening and closing of the stomata, regulating how much water vapor leaves the plant during transpiration.

Plant sources of light, carbon dioxide, and water

Light is obtained from the Sun, carbon dioxide from the air, and water is taken from the soil by roots.