Long Bone Structure and Function

Flashcards covering the anatomical parts, tissue layers, and physiological functions of a long bone.

Epiphysis

The end section of a long bone, present at both the proximal and distal extremities.

Diaphysis

The main elongated shaft of a long bone.

Metaphysis

The region of a long bone located between the epiphysis and the diaphysis.

Spongy Bone

The porous, lattice-like bone tissue found within the epiphysis of a long bone.

Medullary Cavity

The central internal chamber within the diaphysis of a long bone that holds bone marrow.

Compact Bone

The dense, solid outer bone tissue surrounding the medullary cavity along the shaft.

Articular Cartilage

Cartilage situated at the ends of a long bone that reduces friction and absorbs shock at joints.

Yellow Bone Marrow

The marrow typically found in the adult medullary cavity that stores fat for energy.

Red Bone Marrow

Bone marrow responsible for producing blood cells.

Periosteum

A tissue membrane that covers the outside of the bone and contains cells necessary for repair.

Endosteum

The membrane lining the inner surfaces of the bone.