Memory and long term depression

LTP abbreviation

Long-term potentiation

LTP experimental stimulus

100 Hz tetanus for 1 second

Major LTP neurotransmitter

Glutamate

Early LTP receptor activated first

AMPA receptor

AMPA receptor type

Ionotropic glutamate receptor

AMPA receptor activation effect

Postsynaptic depolarization

NMDA receptor activation requirement

Glutamate binding and depolarization

NMDA receptor resting inhibitor

Mg2+

NMDA receptor depolarization effect

Removes Mg2+ block

NMDA receptor consequence

Ca2+ influx

NMDA receptor full name

N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor

NMDA receptor function

Coincidence detector

Coincidence detector meaning

Detects simultaneous pre- and postsynaptic activity

Ca2+ activated kinase

CaMKII

Ca2+ activated kinase

PKC

CaMKII full name

Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II

Early LTP mechanism

AMPA receptor phosphorylation

AMPA phosphorylation effect

Increased receptor activity

AMPA phosphorylation effect

Increased AMPA insertion into membrane

Result of early LTP

Stronger response to glutamate

Late LTP effect

Gene expression changes

Late LTP outcome

More receptors and cytoskeletal proteins

Late LTP effect

Stabilized synapse

Possible retrograde signal

Nitric oxide

Possible retrograde signal

BDNF

Hebbian synapse definition

Synapses with correlated activity strengthen

Patient HM full name

Henry Gustav Molaison

HM clinical problem

Severe epilepsy

HM surgery year

1953

HM structure removed

Hippocampus

HM memory deficit

Severe anterograde amnesia

Anterograde amnesia definition

Inability to form new memories

HM significance

Demonstrated role of hippocampus in memory consolidation

Hippocampus function

Memory consolidation

Hippocampus nickname

Sea horse

Hippocampus location

Medial edge of cerebral cortex

CA abbreviation

Cornu Ammonis

Adult hippocampus process

Neurogenesis

Major hippocampal input

Entorhinal cortex

Entorhinal cortex projection target

Dentate gyrus

Dentate gyrus neurons

Granule cells

Granule cell projection target

CA3 and CA2 pyramidal neurons

CA3 projection

Schaffer collateral

Schaffer collateral target

CA1 pyramidal neurons

CA1 output target

Entorhinal cortex

Hippocampal circuit flow

EC → DG → CA3/CA2 → CA1 → EC

CA1 neurons receive

Multiple Schaffer collateral inputs