MCB w45 pratical 1 - latin directional terms, microscopy, histology,diffusion and osmosis

Al

Pertaining to

A-

Without

Ab-

Away from:

Ad-

To, toward

Ante-

Before

Anti-

Against

Auto-

Self

Bene-

Good

Brachi-

Arm

-Blast

Precursor, germ cell

Cephal-

Head

Cereb-

Brain

Chondr-

Cartilage

-clast

Break

Com-

With, together

Corpus

Body or mass

Dura-

Hard

Ecto-

Outside, outer

Endo-

Within, inner

Epi-

Upon, following

Erythro-

Red

infra-

Under, below

Inter-

Between

Intra-

Within

ISO-

Equal, like

-itis

Inflammation

Juxta-

Near, adjacent

Leuko-

White

meso-

In the middle

Myo-

Muscle

Osse-

Bone

Osteo-

Bone

Para-

Near, beside

-pathy

Disease

Peri-

Surrounding, around

Physio-

Nature

-Physis

Growth

Pseudo-

False

Rami-

Branch

Serrat-

Saw edge, toothed

Stria-

Stripe, band

Supra-

Over, above

Trans-

Across

Dorsal

Toward the back side of human body (spinal chord)

Ventral

Toward belly side

Caudal

Toward the tail end (butt)

Rostral

Toward nose or mouth

Lateral

Away from mid line of body

Ipsilateral

On the same side

Ocular lens

Objective lenses

Controls lens magnification

Course adjustment knobs

Moves mechanical stage up and down

condenser

Focuses light coming in

Epithelial tissue

covering, lining and glandular tissue, covers all free body surfaces and lines body cavities, protects, absorbs, filters and secretes

Connective tissue

Most abundant tissue type, protects, supports, binds tougher

Fat, bone, cartilage, ligaments, blood

Nervous tissue

Receives and conducts electrochemical impulses

Fibrosis

Repair by forming dense connective tissue or scar tissue

Keratin

Protein makes cells tough, scaly and water resistant

Simple squamous

One layer of flatttened cells

Pseudostratisfied columnar

One layer of cells that appears stratified

Transitional

Multiple layers of cells that change shape when stretched

Loose connective tissue

Fewer fibers , more ground substance

Dense connective tissue

More fibers, less ground substance

Cartilage

Semisolid matrix

Bone

Solid matrix

Blood

Fluid connective tissue composed of formed elements

Lyphm

Derived from blood plasma, lymph is returned to the bloodstream

Chondrocytes

Mature cartilage cells

Lacunae

Small space, cavity, or depression

Osteocytes

Bone cell in a lacuna within bone matrix

Osteon

Functional unit of compact bone tissue; cylindrical structure

Spongy bone

Located within the interior of a bone, contains lattice work structure of a bone connective tissue that is string yet lightweight

Osmosis is

Movement of water through a semipermeable membrane from area of low solute concentration to high solute concentration

Diffusion

Net movement of substance from area of greater concentration to lesser concentration

Hypertonic

Higher solution water flows out

Hypotonic

Lower solution water flows in

Isotonic

Equal water doesn’t go anywhere

Passive transport

Doesn’t use ATP or require energy

Active transport

Requires cellular energy ATP