FPL - IFR

IFR - Safe Altitudes: (4 types of Min Alt)

Aerodrome MSA, min sector altitude, 25nm from Aerodrome

On a predetermined route - MEA Min Enroute Alt. or MOCA Min Obs Clearance Alt

Off a planned route (less than 10nm off), MORA Min Off Route Alt

Off a planned route +10nm - GRID MORA

IFR Clearance Limit

the point / fix where ATC has cleared you, dont pass past without further clearance

Charts: (overlay / Bypass)

Overlay - follows same path as conventional procedure, but flwon using GPS/ RNAV points instead of ground based

Bypass - new GPS route that avoids or replaces conventional route

Radar Vector Safe Alts:

MRVA Min Radar Vector Alt

If being radar vectored, then you can go below MSA if ATC requests, as controller has responsibility for terrain. But only if your happy it is safe.

IFR Semi Circular:

Easterly M Track = Odd
Westerly M Track = Even

RNAV vs NON RNAV Route Letters

RNAV and ATS Route
LMNP Lets Make Navigation Precise

Non RNAV -
ABER Ancient Beacons Give Routes


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Non ATS - RNAV QTYZ
Non ATS - NON RNAV HJVW

IFR / VFR Charts, Mag or True?

IFR = MAG
VFR = True

Seeing is believing - VFR true.

IFR Approach Classification

Type A: Above 250ft → 2D and 3D
Type B: Below 250ft and 3D

MOC → Mountains

• in normal IFR flight enroute MOC is 1000ft/300m

• In mountains:

  • Peaks 3-6,000ft → MOC 1,500ft 450m.

  • 6,000ft+ → MOC 2,000ft 600m.
    
    

RNP Approaches with vertical guidance can be 2 types:

APV Baro / LNAV VNAC / BARO VNAV = Vertical data is barometric

SBAS - Vertical data is by GNSS

MOCA

lowest published altitude in effect between radio fixes, which meet obstacle clearance for the segment

Shown on chart as 1600T - (T for tower-? )

MEA - Min En Route Altitude

MOCA but also gives radio nav signal coverage

BRNAV

Basic RNAV also known as RNAV5