music theory

Bach years lived

1685-1750

Bach background

Came from a musical family, was extremely religious, music was to praise god

Bach contemporaries

telemann, vivaldi, handel

Bach famous works

Cello suite in D minor, Brodenburg concertos, Air on the g string

Key of sarabande

mainly d minor, some relative f major

sarabande

slow dance of spanish origin

giga (gigue)

lively dance of english origin, jig

Beethoven years lived

1770-1827

calando

gradual decrease in both volume and temp

Beethoven background

not religious in the orthodox sense, music was moreso dedicated to humanism, bridged classical and romantic music

Famous works beethoven

ode to joy, fur elise, moonlight sonata

Beethoven contemporaries

haydn, mozart, schubert

Beethoven form

abaca - five part rondo

rondo

Comes from rondeau, or ‘little round’ in french, typical classical style

mendelssohn years lived

1809-1847

Background mendelssohn

early romantic, he was a coservative-romantic/classic-romantic. Not as radical as contemporaries. Born jewish, baptised as a lutheran and became very religious. Lived in berlin, hamburg

mendelssohn famous works

symphony no 2, wedding march, the hebrides

piu

more

sempre

always consistently

andante

at a walking pace / moderately slow

adagio

at a leisurely pace

rusuloto

to play in a bold, decisive way

con fuocu

with fire, more energy and intensity

cantante

to play in a singing style, smooth and lyrical

Dancla background

1817-1907, french violinist, composer and teacher, studied at the paris conservatoire

Suk years lived

1874-1935

suk background

czech composer and violinist, heavily influenced by dvorak, who he sstudied under, late romantic composer influenced by folk music

suk famous works

asrael symphony, serenade for strings in e flat major, scherzo fantastique

tenuto

held/sustained

pco scherzando

a little playful

con sentimento

with feeling/emotion

at lib(itum)

at one’s pleasure, with liberty

tranquillo

calm, relaxed, peaceful

dolcissimo

softly, gently, sweetly

dumka

a slavic folk style, changes between slow/fast passages

diatonic

no sharps or flats

Where did beethoven live?

He was born in vienna, Austria, but mainly lived in germany

Beethoven mentors

father and christian gotlob neefe

bach teacher

family members and self-study

key of beethoven

A fmaj, B Fmaj Dmin Cmaj Fmin, C Fmin Dbmaj Fmin

key of mendelssohn

C maj, Eb maj, A min, Cmaj

Key of suk

A, f sharp minor, B, b flat minor

key of dancla

g minor, b flat major

bach giga key

a, d min, f maj, d min b, d min, g min, f maj