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Internal economies of scale
As a firm increases production its LRAC decreases
Types of internal economies of scale
RMFPTM - risk-bearing, managerial, financial, purchasing, technical, marketing
Risk-bearing
Large firms diversify into other sectors to reduce the cost of failure in one sector
Managerial
Large firms hire specialist managers to increase productivity
Financial
Large firms are less risky so can secure cheaper loans
Purchasing
Large firms buy goods in bulk and can negotiate lower prices
Technical
Large firms invest in specialist capital to increase productivity
Marketing
Large firms spread marketing costs across many units