module 1 science test

feature

a special or important part of something

rock layer

a band or layer of rock in earth’s surface

fossil

evidence or remains

mountain, rivers, canyons, volcanos, and rock layers

earth’s features include:

earth’s past

rock layers and the fossils found inside them can provide evidence about _____ _____

weathering

the process of breaking rock into smaller pieces

water, ice, wind, and plant roots

what causes weathering?

erosion

the movement of weathered rocks or sediment from one to another

water, wind, ice, and gravity

what type of forces cause erosion

sediment

small pieces of rock, soil, or other materials that can be moved from one place to another

rate of erosion

how quickly or slowly erosion occurs

fast moving water

what speeds up erosion

vegetation

what slows down erosion

model

a representation used to explain or investigate something

stream table

a____ _____ is a model used to investigate weathering, erosion, rivers, and dams.

limitation

a way a model is different from the real thing

criteria

the requirements an engineering solution must meet

constraint

the limits placed on an engineering solution

examples of constraints

examples include the amount of space, materials, or time available

pattern

something that happens or appears in a repeated or predictable way

dam

a carrier built across a river

reservoir

a body of water that forms or is stored behind a dam

hydroelectric power

electricity produced using moving water

renewable resource

a resource that will not run out or has an unlimited supply

nonrenewable resource

a resource that may run out or does not have an unlimited supply

fossil fuels

energy resources formed from plants and animals that lived millions of years ago

environmental impact

a change or effect something has on the environment

oldest, youngest

in rock layers, the ____ layer is usually at the bottom and the ______ is at the top

weathering, erosion

________ BREAKS rock, and _______ MOVES rock

model

a _______ represents something that is difficult to study directly. a stream table can represent a river, slope, or canyon.

criteria, constraints

a good engineering solution must meet its _______ while staying within its _____ Engineers tests designs, look at the results, improve them, and test them again

patterns

______ help scientists predict where earth features may be found

canyons

_______ are often associated with rivers and areas of higher elevation

canyon formation

river+ weathering + time =

river systems

damns change _____ _______