Fundamentals test 2 terms

Anuria

No urination

CAUTI

Catheter associated UTI

Cystectomy

Surgical removal of the bladder

Cystitis

Bladder irritation

Dysuria

Painful urination

Enuresis

Bed wedding

Hematuria

Blood in the urine

Micturition

The process of urination

Nocturia

Awake at night to voidO

Oliguria

Diminished urine output

Polyuria

Excessive urination

Proteinuria

Protein in the urine

Pyelonephritis

Kidney infection (Upper UTI)

Stoma

Opening

Urinary incontinence

The inability to control urination

Stress incontinence

Increased abdominal pressure leading to urination (laughing, sneezing, coughing, etc.)

Urge incontinence

A strong need to urinate, but leaking occurs before the client can get to the toilet

Reflex incontinence

Urinary leakage as a result of of nerve damage

Overflow incontinence

Incomplete bladder emptying that leads to overfilling and leakage

Functional incontinence

Loss of urine due to factors that interfere with responding to the need to urinate

Noctural enuresis

Nighttime bedwetting

Urinary retention

When the bladder does not completely empty with urination.

Colostomy

Operation that creates an opening for the colon, large intestine, or through the stomach

Ileostomy

Operation that creates an opening for the end of the small intestine

Melena

Black, tarry stoolsH

Hemorrhoids

Dilated, engorged veins in the lining of the rectum

Impaction

Results from unrelieved constipation, a collection of hard feces wedged in the rectum that cannot be expelled

Peristalsis

Contraction of the digestive tract

Urticaria

Itchy, raised, red or skin-colored welts. also called wheals

Transient incontinenceq

Temporary incontinence due to an external factor (UTI, meds, disease, temporary cognitive impairment)

Renal Calcuili

Kidney stones

BPH

Benign prostate hyperplasia

Serous

clear drainage

Sanguinous

Red/ very vascular drainage

Serosanguinous

Pink/red lighter colored drainage

Purulent

Yellow/green/brown drainage - signal of infection

Slough

dead tissue in a pressure wound - unstageable - Yellow/dark

Dehiscence

When a wound pops open (sutures/staples pop)

Evisceration

When a wound pops and inside tissue protrudes out (intestine coming out of stomach)

Purosanguinous

Pus + blood - yellow red drainage

Erythema

Redness of skin due to blood vessel dilation

Eschar

Dead tissue in pressure wound - black/brown

Surfactant

Soap-like liquid in alveoli that function to reduce surface tension to make inhalation easier

Atelectasis

Partial or complete collapse of a lung

Hypoventilation

Slow breathing

Hyperventilation

Rapid breating

Hypoxia

Tissue that is oxygen deprived

Hypoxemia

Blood that is oxygen deprived

Cyanosis

When the skin starts to turn blue due to a lack of oxygen

Dyspnea

Shortness of breath

Orthopnea

Shortness of breath due to a position change