LESSON 3 - THE ELEMENTS OF PL - PHYSCIAL COMPETENCE I

PHYSICAL COMPETENCE

Having the ability in movement patterns & using them in different types of movement (goal is to make PROGRESS)

• Motivation & Confidence

• Knowledge & Understanding

WHITEHEAD’S CATEGORIES OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

1. Movement Vocabulary

2. Movement Capacities

3. General & Refined Movement Patterns

4. Specific Movement Patterns

MOVEMENT VOCABULARY

The movement we develop from birth

• Reflexes

• Voluntary movement

REFLEXES

Involuntary & automatic response to a stimulus

IMPORTANCES OF REFLEXES

• Around birth & early development

• Survival

• Nourishment

• Protection

• Route toward voluntary movement

• Indicates infant health & development

PRIMITIVE INFANT REFLEXES

• Rooting (nourishment response)

  • cheek touched —> baby turns head + opens mouth

• Sucking (nourishment response)

  • roof of mouth touched —> baby sucks

• Tonic neck (protection response)

  • head turned —> open arm extends + opposite arm bends/raises

• Grasping

  • palmar + plantar

  • something placed in hand —> baby grasps it

POSTURAL INFANT REFLEXES

• Stepping

  • baby placed vertically —> legs balance body + move

• Swimming

  • baby placed horizontally —> arms + legs move like swimming

3 CATEGORIES OF VOLUNTARY MOVEMENT

1. Stability

• Head control

• Rolling

• Sitting

• Standing

2. Locomotion

• Crawling/creeping

• Assisted walking

• Unassisted walking

3. Manipulation

• Reaching

• Grasping

• Releasing

DEVELOPMENT PATTERNS

• Cephalocaudal: Development moves head —> feet

• Proximodistal: Development moves centre of body —> outward

MOVEMENT CAPACITIES

• Abilities needed to continue developing movement

• Can range from simple —> complex

BALANCE

Ability to stay steady & stable

STATIC BALANCE

Staying balance while still (yoga)

DYNAMIC BALANCE

Staying balanced while moving (surfing)

COORDINATION

Skillful & balanced sequencing of the body to create movement & force

AGILITY

Ability to change direction & stop/start quickly & accurately while maintaining balance

GENERAL MOVEMENT PATTERNS

Basic movement patterns

• Running

• Walking

REFINED MOVEMENT PATTERNS

More specific/skilled movements

• Throwing

• Spinning

FUNDAMENTAL MOVEMENT SKILLS (FMS)

• “Building blocks” for more advanced & complex movements

• Can happen

  • On land

  • In water

  • On snow/ice

  • In air

3 FMS CATEGORIES

1. Locomotor (moving the body from one place to another)

2. Manipulative (controlling/handling objects)

3. Nonmanipulative (movement without moving from one place to another)

3 MOVEMENT CONCEPT CATEGORIES

1. Space awareness (where/how you move)

2. Effort (how much force/energy you use)

3. Relationships (how you move in relation to people/objects)