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Saponifiable

These can be broken down (hydrolyzed) using a strong base and contain ester bonds that react with base to form soap.

Triglycerides

Three fatty acids attached to a glycerol molecule.

Phospholipids

Molecules like phosphoglycerides that contain ester bonds and are saponifiable.

Non-Saponifiable

These cannot be broken down by base and do not contain ester bonds.

Steroids

Examples of non-saponifiable compounds like cholesterol.

Essential fatty acids

Fatty acids that must be obtained from dietary sources and cannot be synthesized in the body.

Linoleic acid

An essential fatty acid needed for the synthesis of omega-6 fatty acids and important for blood pressure regulation.

Linolenic acid

An essential fatty acid needed for the synthesis of omega-3 fatty acids like EPA and DHA, which are important for brain development.

Phosphoglycerides

Lipid molecules with a glycerol backbone and two ester-linked fatty acids.

Sphingolipids

Lipid molecules with a sphingosine backbone and containing an amide.