PSYCHOLOGY CHPT 7 : Thinking, Language, & Intelligence

What is the general definition of Intelligence?

The capacity to reason clearly and act effectively in adapting to the environment

What does Spearman’s “g” factor stand for?

General intelligence. This means people who do well on one type of test tend to do well on other types of tests

There are 3 theories of intelligence

true

DOES THE “g” factor theory APPLY GLOBALLY?

Yes, evidence shows this applies worldwide across different cultures

What are the 3 aspects of intelligence in STERNBERG’S TRIAC THEORY?

Analytic, Creative, Practical

How is Analytic intelligence defined in the TRIAC THEORY?

The ability to analyze problems, compare, and contrast

How is Creative intelligence defined in the TRIAC THEORY?

Finding new ways to solve unfamiliar problems. An example of this is INVENTING NEW THINGS

How is Practical intelligence defined and what is its common nickname?

The ability to apply knowledge to everyday life (not always about book smarts) IT IS ALSO COMMONLY KNOWN AS COMMON SENSE

How many different intelligences are proposed in Gardener’s Model?

8 different intelligences

Some psychologists believe there are different intelligences in the world

true

What is Linguistic Intelligence?

The ability to know words and speak them (mastery of language)

What is Logical-Mathematical intelligence?

The ability to solve math problems and handle logical reasoning

What is Musical Intelligence?

Being skilled with musical and rhythmic sounds

What is Spatial Intelligence, and what is an everyday example?

The ability to understand distances and fit pieces/objects together. An example of this is building with LEGOS

What is Bodily-Kinesthetic intelligence, and what are some examples of it?

Exceptional body control, and examples of this are DANCE, YOGA, AND SPORTS

What is Interpersonal Intelligence?

The ability to understand other people (LINKED W/ EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE)

What is Intrapersonal Intelligence?

The ability to understand yourself

What is Naturalist Intelligence?

Understanding the problems or patterns in nature. (Careers associated: WEATHERMAN OR FORESTRY)

Where is Gardeners model highly popular?

In the US education system

What are the 2 BIGGEST CRITUQUES of Gardeners model?

-Why did Gardner stop at 8? There could be other intelligences (cosmetology, etc)

-It might not apply well to other cultures

What does IQ stand for?

Intelligence Quotient

What is the formula to determine your IQ?

(Mental age / Actual age) X 100

How is MENTAL AGE defined?

The age the kid tests at (the age of the typical kids who make that score on that test)

If a kid is 8 years old, but tests at a mental age of 10, what is their IQ score?

125

What is the Wechsler Intelligence Scale?

It is used to measure intelligence through categories like comprehension, vocab, and arithmetic

The Wechsler Intelligence Scale is mostly for adults, but some versions are made for kids

true

What is the AVERAGE IQ SCORE?

100

What range represents TYPICAL SCORES on a normal distribution curve?

85 to 115

When do MISUSES OF INTELLIGENCE testing happen?

When too much emphasis is placed on IQ scores

What can happen to a kid if too much pressure/emphasis is put on a high IQ score?

They might get too much ego, pressure, or be insecure in class.

What are the psychological problems associated with a low IQ score label?

It can cause low self-esteem issues, and the person may choose not to improve because they don’t believe they can achieve

What are 2 additional issues related to how IQ tests are administered or designed?

-Having low expectations for those with low IQ scores

-Not recognizing that IQ tests may have cultural biases

Does intelligence have a strong nature component?

Yes, intelligence has a strong genetic component

How do researchers study a strong nature component?

Researchers use twin studies to prove this

What 3 real-world outcomes are correlated with a person’s IQ score?

Academic Achievement (knowing words)

Job Performance (higher IQ= better at doing their job)

Long-term health and Longevity (Higher IQ correlated with traits like not smoking = living longer)

What iS the Flynn Effect?

The rise in IQ scores during the 20th century in many countries around the world

What is a documented exception to the Flynn effect?

IQ scores among men in Norway have decreased in recent decades

What are 2 main reasons for the historic rise in global IQ scores?

-Society has become highly accustomed to taking tests

-The widespread availability of education

What is the modern concern regarding the internet and IQ?

There is concern that IQ might go down because of internet use