Speech and Oral Communication - Modes, Strategies, and Purposes

Comprehensive vocabulary flashcards covering communication modes, strategies, purposes, argumentative proofs, and modes of speech delivery from Module 11.

Interpretive Communication

A one-way mode of communication where information conveyed by the sender is interpreted by the receiver in its original form without the opportunity for active negotiation of meaning.

Interpersonal Communication

An unmediated mode of communication where people exchange verbal and nonverbal messages, interacting to mutually influence each other simultaneously to manage relationships.

Communication Strategies

The blueprints that outline how information will be exchanged between a sender and a receiver.

Verbal Communication Strategies

Communication methods broken down into written communication (e.g., emails, texts, chats) and oral communication (e.g., phone calls, video chats, face-to-face conversations).

Nonverbal Communication Strategies

Communication cues consisting mostly of visual and vocal signals, such as body language, facial expressions, physical distance, and tone of voice.

Visual Communication Strategies

Methods of relaying information using signs, web pages, and illustrations to draw attention, provide documentation, or comply with safety laws.

Informative Communication

A type of communication centered on giving information rather than asking, aimed at creating understanding and eliminating ignorance without trying to change receiver behavior.

Three Impulses of Informative Communication

The foundational drives identified by Osborn, Osborn, and Osborn (2014): expanding awareness of the world, becoming more competent, and satisfying an abiding curiosity about how things work.

Persuasive Communication

The practice of pushing across an idea and convincing an audience or reader to support the conveyed viewpoint.

Argumentative Communication

A logical and reasoned method of demonstrating a point of view, belief, conclusion, or position that relies heavily on sound proof and reasoning.

Aristotle's Primary Forms of Proof

The three classical forms of proof originating in ancient Greece: logos (logic), ethos (ethics/credibility), and pathos (emotion).

Mythos

A fourth dimension of proof identified by modern scholars that appeals to the traditions, values, legends, and folktales of a culture.

Defective Evidence

Flaws in argumentation identified by Lucas (in Wakat et al., 2018), which include the misuse of facts, statistical fallacies, defective testimony, and inappropriate evidence.

Defective Patterns of Reasoning

Evidential fallacies that weaken arguments, such as slippery slope, confusing facts with opinion, red herring, and the myth of the mean.

Reading from a Manuscript

A mode of delivery where a speaker reads a text word-for-word, suitable for complex or official speeches, though often diminishing eye contact and naturalness.

Memorized Speech

A delivery method where the speaker commits the entire speech to memory, often used in oratorical and declamation contests, carrying the risk of forgetting lines.

Extemporaneous Speaking

A delivery method guided by an outline for organization while the speaker formulates full sentences spontaneously during the presentation.

Impromptu Speaking

Speaking delivered at the spur of the moment with minimal or no preparation, offering naturalness and spontaneity despite potentially weaker organization.