Introduction to Language Development and Phonology Flashcards

A vocabulary set focused on phonological rules, language acquisition, brain development in infants, and experimental methods discussed in the lecture.

Phonotactic Knowledge

Knowledge of how to combine sounds or the constraints on sequencing sounds within a specific language.

Phonological Ability

An individual's ability to manipulate sounds in their language, such as identifying, combining, or removing sounds and syllables.

Phonological Rules

Inherent rules of a language that are not explicitly taught but are naturally followed to optimize efficiency in speech production.

Grapheme

A visual representation of a letter.

Finite Marking

Grammatical marking that denotes tense for a verb, such as regular past tense markers.

Wug Test

An assessment created by Jean Gleason using nonsense words to show that children apply generative grammatical rules to novel words rather than relying on memorized phrases. tests a child’s ability with phonological rules

Perception (Comprehension)

The understanding of language structures, which naturally precedes and develops before verbal speech production.

Conditioned Head Turn Task

An experimental technique where an infant is trained to turn their head when an auditory sound changes, rewarded by a box lighting up with a panda bear pounding a drum.

Citizens of the World

patricia kuhl says babies are born this way. they can learn all languages until they become cultural bound listeners. birth to 6 months

Culture Bound Listeners

Listeners who can discriminate the phonetic sounds of their native language but can no longer discriminate foreign language speech sounds.

Magnetoencephalography (MEG)

A safe, silent, noninvasive brain imaging machine using 306 SQUIDs (superconducting quantum interference devices) to track changing magnetic fields with millimeter spatial and millisecond temporal accuracy.