Introduction to Translation as a Professional Activity

Vocabulary flashcards covering the key terms, definitions, classifications, and concepts from the introductory lecture on translation studies and professional practice.

Intralingual Translation

Rewording or paraphrasing within one and the same language, such as explaining technical terms in simple words or modernizing an older text.

Interlingual Translation

"Translation proper" — the transfer of meaning between two different languages.

Intersemiotic Translation

Translation between different sign systems altogether, such as adapting a novel into a film or a poem into a song.

Roman Jakobson's Classification (1959)

A foundational classification introduced in "On Linguistic Aspects of Translation" dividing translation into Intralingual, Interlingual, and Intersemiotic types.

Consecutive Interpretation

An oral interpretation mode where the speaker pauses after a segment of speech, allowing the interpreter to render the content using memory and note-taking.

Simultaneous Interpretation

An oral interpretation mode occurring almost at the same time as speech, typically carried out in a booth with headsets and rotating partners.

Translation Studies

The academic discipline that describes, explains, and teaches translation.

Localization

The process of adapting products such as websites, software, and video games to a target market by adjusting language, dates, currencies, units, visuals, humor, colors, and legal requirements.

Literal Translation

A translation approach focused on maximum formal closeness to the individual words and grammatical structures of the source text.

Faithful Translation

A translation approach focused on conveying the meaning, intention, and style of the author while writing in acceptable target language phrasing.

Equivalent Translation

A translation approach focused on achieving the same function and producing the same effect on the target reader as the source text did on its original audience.

Unit of Translation

The stretch of text (ranging from a single word or phrase to a sentence, paragraph, or whole text) that makes the meaning decidable for the translator.

Technical Competence

The professional translator's ability to use modern tools including CAT systems, terminology databases, machine translation, and post-editing.