Lobbyists + Interest Groups

How many US lobbying firms are there?

12,000

What proportion of Trump’s political appointees used to by lobbyists in 2016?

7%

Lobbyists must be registered under the …

Lobbying Disclosure Act 1995

Lobbying spending 2024

4.4 Billion

Number of Bills introduced into congress every (2 yr) session

10,000

____ _____ was a lobbying scandal in ____ after he ____ indian tribes and bribed _____.

• Jack Abramoff

• 2005

• defrauded

• senators

Types of interest groups

• Single-issue

• professional

• policy

Single-issue interest group

A group focused on influencing policy related to a narrow, specific issue.

Example of a single-issue interest group

NRA

.

.

Example of a professional interest group

The American Farm Bureau Federation

• (also advocates on immigration + taxes beyond agriculture)

Policy interest group

A group that seeks to influence a wide array of policies within a particular area, such as the environment or foreign policy.

3 factors influencing the success of interest groups

• Money

• Membership

• Access

______ persuaded Congress to include language in the _____ ___ that allowed banks to engage in _____. 2016)

• Citigroup

• Dodd-Frank Act

• riskier trading

3 ways that interest groups influence Supreme Court nominations

• submit testimony

• lobby senators

• make public endorsements or objections

What is the NRA's lobbying arm which directly influences Congress

NRA Institute for Legislative Action (NRA-ILA)

____ __ ________ ______ spent millions on attack ads in the ___ campaign, and produces ____ ____ report cards on the environmental friendliness of all members of congress.

• League of conservation voters

• 2020

• Dirty Dozen

How can interest groups influence the supreme court?

• bring cases

• submit amicus curiae briefs

• lobby for specific decisions.

Amicus curiae brief offers additional ____ or _____ on a case before the Court.

• information

• arguments

Which ‘never trump’ organisation ran Attack ads in 2016 + 2024

Lincoln Project

What proportion of GOP congressmen were funded by the NRA in 2024?

98%

In 2024, the US gave $__ ______ worth of military aid to Israel, an _____ success

• 20 billion

• AIPAC

Pharmaceutical industry spent $_____ lobbying in 2020 and achieved ____ ____ _____ and _____ contracts.

• 1 million

• high drug prices

• gov

In ____, the ____ ___ ____ _____ initiative mobilised public support for legalisation of marijuana, and passed by __%

• 2020

• Safe and Smart Arizona

• 60%

_____ _____ _____ negotiated safety protocols for reopening schools and delayed in-person teaching until proper measures were in place.

Chicago Teachers Union

How much did the US Chamber of Commerce spend in 2024?

76 million

• Created by the League of Conservation Voters

• highlights members of Congress who harm environmental policies.

Political "dirty dozen"

What proportion of the Heritage Foundations’ picks for SCOTUS made Trumps’ final list in 2016?

5/11

which US Congresswoman refused all donations from big Pharma

Katie Porter ( dem - california)