Medical Terminology Chapter 8: The Digestive System Learning Exercise

*Matching Word Parts 1*

an/o

anus

chol/e

bile, gall

col/o

large intestine

-phagia

swallowing

enter/o

small intestine

*Matching Word Parts 2*

gastr/o

stomach

hepat/o

liver

cholecyst/o

gallbladder

esophag/o

esophagus

-lithiasis

presence of stones

*Matching Word Parts 3*

sigmoid/o

sigmoid colon

proct/o

anus and rectum

-pepsia

digestion

-emesis

vomiting

rect/o

rectum

*Definitions*

anoscopy

The visual examination of the anal canal and lower rectum is known as ____.

stomatomycosis

The term ____ means any disease of the mouth due to a fungus.

ileum

The ____ is the last and longest portion of the small intestine.

bowel incontinence

The inability to control the excretion of feces is called ____.

bile

The liver secretes ____, which is stored in the gallbladder for later use.

ascending colon

The ____ travels upward from the cecum to the undersurface of the liver.

anabolism

The process of the building up of body cells and substances from nutrients is known as ____.

tongue

The receptors of taste are located on the dorsum of the ____.

periodontium

The bone and soft tissues that surround and support the teeth are known as the ____.

intussusception

The condition characterized by the telescoping of one part of the intestine into another is ____.

*Matching Structures*

cecum

connects the small and large intestine

sigmoid colon

S-shaped structure of the large intestine

rectum

widest division of the large intestine

jejunum

middle portion of the small intestine

duodenum

first portion of the small intestine

*Which Word?*

hematemesis

The medical term meaning vomiting blood is ____.

hepatitis A

The ____ virus is transmitted mainly through contamination of food and water with infected fecal matter.

celiac disease

____ is characterized by a severe reaction to foods containing gluten.

enteritis

The medical term meaning inflammation of the small intestine is ____.

uvula

The ____ hangs from the free edge of the soft palate.

*Spelling Counts*

ileectomy

An ILECTOMY is the surgical removal of the last portion of the ileum.

dysentery

The bacterial infection DISENTARY occurs mostly in hot countries and is spread through food or water contaminated by human feces.

cirrhosis

The chronic degenerative disease of the liver characterized by scarring is known as SEROSIS.

proctopexy

A PROCTOPLEXY is the surgical fixation of the rectum to some adjacent tissue or organ.

xerostomia

The lack of adequate saliva due to the absence of or diminished secretions by the salivary glands is known as ZEROSTOMIA.

*Abbreviation Identification*

ulcerative colitis

UC

colonoscopy

COL

gastroesophageal reflux disease

GERD

irritable bowel syndrome

IBS

peptic ulcer disease

PUD

*Term Selection*

gastrectomy

The surgical removal of all or part of the stomach is a ____.

dysphagia

The medical term meaning difficulty in swallowing is ____.

bruxism

The involuntary grinding or clenching of the teeth is called ____.

cirrhosis

The chronic degeneration of the liver often caused by excessive alcohol abuse is called ____.

bilirubin

Jaundice can be caused by an excess of the pigment ____.

*Sentence Completion*

aerophagia

The excessive swallowing of air while eating or drinking is known as ____.

regurgitation

The return of swallowed food to the mouth is known as ____.

jaundice

A yellow discoloration of the skin caused by greater-than-normal amounts of bilirubin in the blood is called ____.

pyloric sphincter

The ____ is the ring-like muscle that controls the flow from the stomach to the small intestine.

feces

The medical term for the solid body wastes that are expelled through the rectum is ____.

*Word Surgery*

esophag/o

gastr/o

duoden/o

-scopy

An *esophagogastroduodenoscopy* is an endoscopic procedure that allows direct visualization of the upper GI tract.

peri-

odont

-ist

A *periodontist* is a dental specialist who prevents or treats disorders of the tissues surrounding the teeth.

sigmoid/o

-scopy

A *sigmoidoscopy* is the endoscopic examination of the interior of the rectum, sigmoid colon, and possibly a portion of the descending colon.

anti-

emet

-ic

An *antiemetic* is a medication that is administered to prevent or relieve nausea and vomiting.

gastr/o

duoden

-ostomy

A *gastroduodenostomy* is the establishment of an anastomosis between the upper portion of the stomach and the duodenum.

*True/False*

False

Cholangitis is an acute infection of the bile duct characterized by pain in the upper right quadrant of the abdomen, fever, and jaundice.

False

Cholangiography is an endoscopic diagnosis procedure.

True

Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis is caused by the abnormal growth of bacteria in the mouth.

False

Bruxism means to be without natural teeth.

True

A choledocholithotomy is an incision in the common bile duct for the removal of gallstones.

*Clinical Conditions*

ileus

James Ridgeview was diagnosed as having ____ , which is the partial or complete blockage of the small or large intestine.

ascites

Chang Hoon suffers from ____. This condition is an abnormal accumulation of serous fluid in the peritoneal cavity.

edentulous

Rita Martinez is a dentist. She described her patient Mr. Espinoza as being ____ , which means that he was without natural teeth.

hyperemesis

Baby Kilgore was vomiting almost continuously. The medical term for this excessive vomiting is ____.

colostomy

A/An ____ was performed on Mr. Schmidt to create an artificial excretory opening between his colon and body surface.

pyrosis

After eating, Mike Delahanty often complained about heartburn. The medical term for this condition is ____.

melena

After the repeated passage of black, tarry, and foul-smelling stools, Catherine Baldwin was diagnosed as having ____. This condition is caused by the presence of digested blood in the stools.

diverticulitis

Alberta Roberts was diagnosed as having an inflammation of one or more diverticula. The medical term for this condition is ____.

herpes labialis

Carlotta Hansen has blister-like sores on her lips and adjacent facial tissue. She says they are cold sores; however, the medical term for this condition is ____.

halitosis

Lisa Wilson saw her dentist because she was concerned about bad breath. Her dentist refers to this condition as ____.

*Which is the Correct Medical Term?*

Hemoccult

The ____ test detects hidden blood in the stools.

anastomosis

A/An ____ is a surgical connection between two hollow or tubular structures.

dental implant

The anchoring of a crown, bridge or denture to the bone of the jaw is called a/an ____.

dental calculus

The hardened deposit that forms on the teeth and irritate the surrounding tissues is known as ____.

hepatectomy

The surigcal removal of all or part of the liver is known as ____.

*Challenge Word Building*

gastrorrhaphy

Surgical suturing of a stomach wound is known as ____.

esophagalgia

Pain in the esophagus is known as ____.

sigmoidectomy

The surgical removal of all or part of the sigmoid colon is a/an ____.

proctalgia

Pain in and around the anus and rectum is known as ____.

gastropexy

The surgical fixation of the stomach to correct displacement is a/an ____.