Animal Products in the Diet

Recommended servings

vegetables 5, fruits 4, grains 6, diary 3, poultry/meat/egg 8-9 per week, fish and seafood 2-3 per week, nuts 5 per week, fats and oils 3

Proteins

made of amino acids, 97% digestible

Fat

2.25 x more energy per unit weight than carbohydrates and protein, saturated and unsaturated

Saturated fats

saturated with H "bad"

Unsaturated

double bonds "good, monosaturated and polysaturated

Fat in red meat is

essential nutrient, supplies energy and transports vitamins

Red meat in the diet

can help regulate fat in the diet because animals are leaner and fat is more precisely trimmed

Calories

amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius

carbohydrates

meat is not a significant source, used as an energy source (glucose and glycogen), glycogen is converted to lactic acid post mortem (1% remain in meat at consumption)

how many people have iron deficiencies

700,000 toddlers and 7.8 million women

Iron functions

helps deliver oxygen to cells and muscles

If meat and vegetables are eaten together

the iron from meat will increase absorptivity of iron from vegetables

fat soluable vitamins are

A D E K

water soluable vitamins are

B complex

Meat is not a good source of ____ but is a good source of _____

fat soluable vitamins, water soluable vitamins

B-complex vitamins

most abundant in red meat, meat supplies B-6, B-12, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin

B1

contributes to normal nervous system

B2

promotes healthy skin and eyes

B6

assists with biochemical reactions involving aa and proteins

B12

only found in animal tissue, required for DNA synthesis

Niacin

promotes healthy nervous and digestive system

Zinc function

related to enxyme activity, cell replication, hormone activity, immune system to resist infection

Other minerals

phosphorus, selenium

selenium

organ meats, seafood, diary products, grains, can be toxic in excess

Consumer concerns

limiting dietary fat, cholesterol, high blood pressure, vitamins and minerals, losing weight

Cholesterol

only comes in animal products, essential for cell wall, sex hormones, bile acids, vit D production, if you don't eat it your body will make it

Cholesterol consumption

on average 300 mg per day, body makes 700 mg per day

Sodium

sodium causes hypertension in 20% of Americans, recommended 2,300 mg (1tsp) or less daily, people consume 3,500 to 4,000 mg

Why is salt needed in processed meat

inhibits bacterial growth, changes in osmotic pressure, subsequent spoilage, extends shelf life

Sodium benefits

renal regulations and plasma regulations, a balance of sodium potassium and chloride is needed to maintain intestinal cellular fluid and blood plasma volume